数字基础设施战略的政策选择：非洲宽带普遍服务模拟模型
Policy options for digital infrastructure strategies: A simulation model for broadband universal service in Africa
摘要：
互联网接入对于经济发展和帮助实现可持续发展目标至关重要，特别是因为即使是基本的宽带也可以彻底改变现有的经济机会。然而，仍有超过10亿人无法上网。政府必须做出战略选择，以连接这些公民，但目前很少有独立的，透明的和科学的可复制的评估依赖于本文开发的开源软件来测试宽带普遍服务战略，满足10 Mbps的目标正在考虑由联合国宽带委员会。对东非和西非六个国家（科特迪瓦、马里、塞内加尔、肯尼亚、坦桑尼亚和乌干达）不同基础设施决策的私人和政府成本进行了量化。结果提供了强有力的证据，表明在未连接地区直接“跨越”到4G是提供宽带普遍服务的最低成本选择，比3G节省13 - 51%。研究结果还表明，如何提取频谱和税收收入在不可行的市场提供没有净效益，因为每$1 taken in revenue, a $ 1基础设施补贴需要从政府实现宽带普遍服务。重要的是，在不可行的地区使用共享农村网络可以节省可观的成本（高达78%），同时保留了可行的城市和郊区动态基础设施竞争的好处。本文为设计宽带普遍服务的国家和国际政策提供了依据。
英文摘要：
Internet access is essential for economic development and helping to deliver the Sustainable Development Goals, especially as even basic broadband can revolutionize available economic opportunities. Yet, more than one billion people still live without internet access. Governments must make strategic choices to connect these citizens, but currently have few independent, transparent and scientifically reproducible assessments to rely on. This paper develops open-source software to test broadband universal service strategies which meet the 10 Mbps target being considered by the UN Broadband Commission. The private and government costs of different infrastructure decisions are quantified in six East and West African countries (Côte D`Ivoire, Mali, Senegal, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda). The results provide strong evidence that `leapfrogging` straight to 4G in unconnected areas is the least-cost option for providing broadband universal service, with savings between 13-51% over 3G. The results also demonstrate how the extraction of spectrum and tax revenues in unviable markets provide no net benefit, as for every $1 taken in revenue, a $1 infrastructure subsidy is required from government to achieve broadband universal service. Importantly, the use of a Shared Rural Network in unviable locations provides impressive cost savings (up to 78%), while retaining the benefits of dynamic infrastructure competition in viable urban and suburban areas. This paper provides evidence to design national and international policies aimed at broadband universal service.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
