运动位错使奇晶旋成螺
Motile dislocations knead odd crystals into whorls
摘要：
热涨落和势力之间的竞争是我们理解相变和平衡态物质的基础。使物质脱离平衡可以产生一类新的相互作用，这种相互作用既不是吸引力也不是排斥力，而是横向的。这种横向力的存在立即提出了一个问题，即它们如何干扰物质自组织的基本原理。尽管最近兴趣大增，但这个问题仍然悬而未决。在这里，我们表明，激活横向力均匀旋转的胶体单位一般变成一个晶体螺旋状态，否则静止的固体动态形状的自推进位错。极小模型和全流体动力学模型的模拟建立了这些自捏合多晶体的混沌动力学的一般性质。使用连续介质理论，我们解释了奇数和霍尔应力合谋从内部不稳定的手性晶体。这种手征不稳定性产生不受自推进束缚的位错。它们的扩散最终导致了平衡物质无法达到的水晶螺旋状态。
英文摘要：
The competition between thermal fluctuations and potential forces is the foundation of our understanding of phase transitions and matter in equilibrium. Driving matter out of equilibrium allows for a new class of interactions which are neither attractive nor repulsive but transverse. The existence of such transverse forces immediately raises the question of how they interfere with basic principles of material self-organization. Despite a recent surge of interest, this question remains open. Here, we show that activating transverse forces by homogeneous rotation of colloidal units generically turns otherwise quiescent solids into a crystal whorl state dynamically shaped by self-propelled dislocations. Simulations of both a minimal model and a full hydrodynamics model establish the generic nature of the chaotic dynamics of these self-kneading polycrystals. Using a continuum theory, we explain how odd and Hall stresses conspire to destabilize chiral crystals from within. This chiral instability produces dislocations that are unbound by their self-propulsion. Their proliferation eventually leads to a crystalline whorl state out of reach of equilibrium matter.
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