加密货币解决方案，以实现消费者IoT的小额支付
Cryptocurrency Solutions to Enable Micro-payments in Consumer IoT
摘要：
加密货币和消费者物联网（IoT）设备的成功融合可以为机器对机器经济的新应用铺平道路。然而，初始区块链设计缺乏可扩展性和沉重的资源需求阻碍了集成，因为它们优先考虑去中心化和安全性。自比特币出现以来，已经提出了许多解决方案来实现这一目标。然而，它们似乎都没有占主导地位，因此目前还不清楚消费者设备将如何采用这些方法。因此，在本文中，我们批判性地回顾了现有的集成方法和加密货币设计，这些方法和设计旨在实现消费者设备之间的小额支付。我们确定并讨论了三个主要类别的解决方案：直接集成，支付渠道网络和新的加密货币设计。第一种方法利用全节点与支付系统交互。离线渠道支付建议作为第二层解决方案，以解决可扩展性问题，并实现低费用的即时支付。新的设计收敛到半集中式方案，并专注于轻量级共识协议，不需要高计算能力，这可能意味着放松最初的设计选择，有利于可扩展性.我们评估了这些方法的利弊，然后指出未来的研究挑战。我们的目标是帮助研究人员和从业人员更好地集中精力促进小额支付的采用。
英文摘要：
The successful amalgamation of cryptocurrency and consumer Internet of Things (IoT) devices can pave the way for novel applications in machine-to-machine economy. However, the lack of scalability and heavy resource requirements of initial blockchain designs hinders the integration as they prioritized decentralization and security. Numerous solutions have been proposed since the emergence of Bitcoin to achieve this goal. However, none of them seem to dominate and thus it is unclear how consumer devices will be adopting these approaches. Therefore, in this paper, we critically review the existing integration approaches and cryptocurrency designs that strive to enable micro-payments among consumer devices. We identify and discuss solutions under three main categories; direct integration, payment channel network and new cryptocurrency design. The first approach utilizes a full node to interact with the payment system. Offline channel payment is suggested as a second layer solution to solve the scalability issue and enable instant payment with low fee. New designs converge to semi-centralized scheme and focuson lightweight consensus protocol that does not require highcomputation power which might mean loosening the initial designchoices in favor of scalability. We evaluate the pros and cons ofeach of these approaches and then point out future researchchallenges. Our goal is to help researchers and practitioners tobetter focus their efforts to facilitate micro-payment adoptions.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
