在水柱中下沉的微塑料：在地中海的模拟
Sinking microplastics in the water column: simulations in the Mediterranean Sea
摘要：
我们研究的垂直扩散和分布的负浮力刚性微塑料在一个现实的地中海环流模型。我们首先提出了一个方程描述他们的理想动力学。在此框架下，我们评估了一些相关的物理效应的重要性：惯性，科里奥利力，小规模的湍流和可变的海水密度，并绑定的相对误差简化动力学恒定的下沉速度添加到一个大规模的速度场。然后，我们计算微塑料颗粒在公海水柱上的数量和垂直分布，如果它们从海面释放的速度与地中海的观测结果一致。垂直分布被认为是几乎均匀的深度为我们的参数范围内的大部分。从闪光释放的瞬态分布揭示了非高斯字符的分散和各种扩散法，正常和异常。这些行为的起源是探讨在水平和垂直流组织。
英文摘要：
We study the vertical dispersion and distribution of negatively buoyant rigid microplastics within a realistic circulation model of the Mediterranean sea. We first propose an equation describing their idealized dynamics. In that framework, we evaluate the importance of some relevant physical effects: inertia, Coriolis force, small-scale turbulence and variable seawater density, and bound the relative error of simplifying the dynamics to a constant sinking velocity added to a large-scale velocity field. We then calculate the amount and vertical distribution of microplastic particles on the water column of the open ocean if their release from the sea surface is continuous at rates compatible with observations in the Mediterranean. The vertical distribution is found to be almost uniform with depth for the majority of our parameter range. Transient distributions from flash releases reveal a non-Gaussian character of the dispersion and various diffusion laws, both normal and anomalous. The origin of these behaviors is explored in terms of horizontal and vertical flow organization.
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