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arXiv 2102.01348cs.DCcs.AI
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基于迁移Q学习的分布式众核服务器QoS-Aware功耗最小化

QoS-Aware Power Minimization of Distributed Many-Core Servers using Transfer Q-Learning

Newcastle University(纽卡斯尔大学)

Dainius Jenkus, Fei Xia, Rishad Shafik, Alex Yakovlev

摘要:

跨分布式系统扩展的Web服务器需要复杂的运行时控制,以提供服务质量(QoS)保证以及在动态工作负载下最小化能量成本。本文提出了一种QoS感知的运行时控制器,其协同地使用水平缩放(节点分配)和垂直缩放(节点内的资源分配)方法来提供对工作负载的适应,同时在QoS约束(即,响应时间)。水平缩放根据一组规则基于工作负载需求和所需的QoS来确定活动节点的数量。然后,它与使用转移Q学习的垂直缩放相耦合,这进一步使用动态电压/频率缩放(DVFS)基于工作负载简档来调整功率/性能。它在最小探索状态内传输Q值,减少了探索要求。此外,该方法利用众核服务器的可扩展架构,允许重用来自完全或部分探索节点的可用知识。当结合使用时,与无模型Q学习相比,这些方法可以减少探索时间和QoS违规。该技术平衡了设计时和运行时成本,以最大限度地提高可移植性和操作的最优性,通过持久的功率降低与最小的QoS违规下不同的工作负载情况下的异构多处理节点的服务器集群。

英文摘要:

Web servers scaled across distributed systems necessitate complex runtime controls for providing quality of service (QoS) guarantees as well as minimizing the energy costs under dynamic workloads. This paper presents a QoS-aware runtime controller using horizontal scaling (node allocation) and vertical scaling (resource allocation within nodes) methods synergistically to provide adaptation to workloads while minimizing the power consumption under QoS constraint (i.e., response time). A horizontal scaling determines the number of active nodes based on workload demands and the required QoS according to a set of rules. Then, it is coupled with vertical scaling using transfer Q-learning, which further tunes power/performance based on workload profile using dynamic voltage/frequency scaling (DVFS). It transfers Q-values within minimally explored states reducing exploration requirements. In addition, the approach exploits a scalable architecture of the many-core server allowing to reuse available knowledge from fully or partially explored nodes. When combined, these methods allow to reduce the exploration time and QoS violations when compared to model-free Q-learning. The technique balances design-time and runtime costs to maximize the portability and operational optimality demonstrated through persistent power reductions with minimal QoS violations under different workload scenarios on heterogeneous multi-processing nodes of a server cluster.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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