MESA技术说明：射束分裂不稳定性阈值电流
MESA Technical Note: Beam Breakup Instability Threshold Current
摘要：
MESA（美因茨能量回收超导加速器）是一个能量回收直线加速器（ERL），正在美因茨的约翰内斯古腾堡大学建造。它将以155 MeV的150 $μ$ A电子束的外束（EB）模式和105 MeV的1 mA（第一级）和随后的10 mA（第二级）电子束的能量恢复（ER）模式运行。可能限制机器性能的重要因素是由于超导RF腔中的高阶模（HOM）的激发而可能发生的束分裂（BBU）不稳定性。只有当注入的束流超过阈值时，才会出现这种效应。本工作的目的是开发一个软件，可靠地确定在MESA的阈值电流，找到可能改变其值的主要因素，并最终作出决定，MESA在10 mA的操作能力和需要额外的措施，抑制BBU的不稳定性。
英文摘要：
MESA (Mainz Energy recovery Superconducting Accelerator) is an energy recovery linac (ERL) which is under construction at Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz. It will be operated in external beam (EB) mode with 150 $μ$A electron beam at 155 MeV and energy recovery (ER) mode with 1 mA (first stage) and later 10 mA (second stage) electron beam at 105 MeV. An important factor which may limit performance of the machine is a beam breakup (BBU) instability which may occur due to excitation of higher-order modes (HOMs) in superconducting RF cavities. This effect occurs only when the injected beam current exceeds a threshold value. The aim of the present work is to develop a software for reliable determination of the threshold current in MESA, find main factors which may change its value and finally make a decision concerning capability of MESA operation at 10 mA and need for additional measures for suppressing BBU instability.
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