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arXiv 2102.00256hep-ph
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如何在强子对撞机上观察QCD瞬子/闪子过程?

How to observe the QCD instanton/sphaleron processes at hadron colliders?

Edward Shuryak, Ismail Zahed

摘要:

瞬子/闪子过程涉及通过非零的陈-西蒙斯数$δN_{CS}=\pm 1$的变化而改变拓扑的规范场。在QCD中,这导致产生轴向电荷的$2N_f δN_{CS}$单位,而在电弱理论中,这导致产生12个费米子,其中$ΔB=δL=3$单位是重子和轻子数,这是重子生成的关键机制。虽然这一切都是众所周知的很长一段时间,是QCD真空的非微扰理论的支柱之一,直接在对撞机中看到这些现象仍然是一个未实现的承诺。最近的欧洲核子研究中心研讨会上的主题,我们审查的领域。我们还提出了自己的建议,利用双衍射(或Pomeron-Pomeron)碰撞,这最大化的入口因子和最小化的背景。我们分别考虑小($M=3-10\, {\rm GeV}$),中等($10-30\, {\rm GeV}$)和高$M\sim 100 \, {\rm GeV}$不变质量的集群。其中提出的信号是特定的风味组合的通道,源自定义良好的6-,8-和10-夸克反夸克运营商,以及相关的夸克手征可能通过$Λ$超子衰变检测。

英文摘要:

The instanton/sphaleron processes involve gauge fields with changing topology through a nonzero variation of the Chern-Simons number $δN_{CS}=\pm 1$. In QCD this leads to the production of $2N_f δN_{CS}$ units of axial charge, and in the electroweak theory to the production of 12 fermions, with $ΔB=δL=3$ units of baryon and lepton number, a key mechanism in baryogenesis. While this is all known for a long time, and is one of the pillars of the nonperturbative theory of the QCD vacuum, to see these phenomena directly in colliders remains an unfulfilled promise. Motivated by the recent CERN workshop on the topic, we review the field. We also put forward our own suggestions to utilize double-diffractive (or Pomeron-Pomeron) collisions to this goal, which maximizes the entrance factor and minimizes the backgrounds. We consider separately clusters of small ($M=3-10\, {\rm GeV}$), medium ($10-30\, {\rm GeV}$) and high $M\sim 100 \, {\rm GeV}$ invariant masses. Among the proposed signals are specific flavor combination of channels, originating from well-defined 6-, 8- and 10-quark-antiquark operators, as well as correlation of quark chiralities to be potentially detected via $Λ$ hyperon decays.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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