Text classification is a fundamental problem in the field of natural language processing. Text classification mainly focuses on giving more importance to all the relevant features that help classify the textual data. Apart from these, the text can have redundant or highly correlated features. These features increase the complexity of the classification algorithm. Thus, many dimensionality reduction methods were proposed with the traditional machine learning classifiers. The use of dimensionality reduction methods with machine learning classifiers has achieved good results. In this paper, we propose a hybrid feature selection method for obtaining relevant features by combining various filter-based feature selection methods and fastText classifier. We then present three ways of implementing a feature selection and neural network pipeline. We observed a reduction in training time when feature selection methods are used along with neural networks. We also observed a slight increase in accuracy on some datasets.
We study the performance of Arabic text classification combining various techniques: (a) tfidf vs. dependency syntax, for feature selection and weighting; (b) class association rules vs. support vector machines, for classification. The Arabic text is used in two forms: rootified and lightly stemmed. The results we obtain show that lightly stemmed text leads to better performance than rootified text; that class association rules are better suited for small feature sets obtained by dependency syntax constraints; and, finally, that support vector machines are better suited for large feature sets …
Huazhong University of Science and Technology（华中科技大学）；Huawei（华为）；Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学）
Existing textual adversarial attacks usually utilize the gradient or prediction confidence to generate adversarial examples, making it hard to be deployed in real-world applications. To this end, we consider a rarely investigated but more rigorous setting, namely hard-label attack, in which the attacker can only access the prediction label. In particular, we find we can learn the importance of different words via the change on prediction label caused by word substitutions on the adversarial examples. Based on this observation, we propose a novel adversarial attack, termed Text Hard-label attac…
Temple University（天普大学）；University of Maryland, Baltimore County（马里兰大学巴尔的摩县分校）
Text features that are correlated with class labels, but do not directly cause them, are sometimesuseful for prediction, but they may not be insightful. As an alternative to traditional correlation-basedfeature selection, causal inference could reveal more principled, meaningful relationships betweentext features and labels. To help researchers gain insight into text data, e.g. for social scienceapplications, in this paper we investigate a class of matching-based causal inference methods fortext feature selection. Features used in document classification are often high dimensional, howeverexis…
TACR: A Table-alignment-based Cell-selection and Reasoning Model for Hybrid Question-Answering
Tokyo Institute of Technology（东京工业大学）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；Microsoft Research Asia（微软亚洲研究院）；Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence（北京人工智能研究院）
Institute of Automation, CAS（中国科学院自动化研究所）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence（北京智源人工智能研究院）
In the real-world question answering scenarios, hybrid form combining both tabular and textual contents has attracted more and more attention, among which numerical reasoning problem is one of the most typical and challenging problems. Existing methods usually adopt encoder-decoder framework to represent hybrid contents and generate answers. However, it can not capture the rich relationship among numerical value, table schema, and text information on the encoder side. The decoder uses a simple predefined operator classifier which is not flexible enough to handle numerical reasoning processes w…
Universität zu Lübeck（吕贝克大学）；Google Research（谷歌研究院）
In this paper we explore the effect of architectural choices on learning a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) for text generation. In contrast to the previously introduced VAE model for text where both the encoder and decoder are RNNs, we propose a novel hybrid architecture that blends fully feed-forward convolutional and deconvolutional components with a recurrent language model. Our architecture exhibits several attractive properties such as faster run time and convergence, ability to better handle long sequences and, more importantly, it helps to avoid some of the major difficulties posed by tra…
Saarland University（萨尔兰大学）；Max Planck Institute for Informatics（马克斯·普朗克信息学研究所）；Tohoku University（东北大学）；RIKEN AIP（理化学研究所AIP）；Tencent Inc（腾讯公司）
Many text generation tasks naturally contain two steps: content selection and surface realization. Current neural encoder-decoder models conflate both steps into a black-box architecture. As a result, the content to be described in the text cannot be explicitly controlled. This paper tackles this problem by decoupling content selection from the decoder. The decoupled content selection is human interpretable, whose value can be manually manipulated to control the content of generated text. The model can be trained end-to-end without human annotations by maximizing a lower bound of the marginal …
University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign（伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校）
Text-to-Graph extraction aims to automatically extract information graphs consisting of mentions and types from natural language texts. Existing approaches, such as table filling and pairwise scoring, have shown impressive performance on various information extraction tasks, but they are difficult to scale to datasets with longer input texts because of their second-order space/time complexities with respect to the input length. In this work, we propose a Hybrid Span Generator (HySPA) that invertibly maps the information graph to an alternating sequence of nodes and edge types, and directly gen…
Data-to-text systems are powerful in generating reports from data automatically and thus they simplify the presentation of complex data. Rather than presenting data using visualisation techniques, data-to-text systems use natural (human) language, which is the most common way for human-human communication. In addition, data-to-text systems can adapt their output content to users' preferences, background or interests and therefore they can be pleasant for users to interact with. Content selection is an important part of every data-to-text system, because it is the module that determines which f…
Tabular and textual question answering requires systems to perform reasoning over heterogeneous information, considering table structure, and the connections among table and text. In this paper, we propose a ChAin-centric Reasoning and Pre-training framework (CARP). CARP utilizes hybrid chain to model the explicit intermediate reasoning process across table and text for question answering. We also propose a novel chain-centric pre-training method, to enhance the pre-trained model in identifying the cross-modality reasoning process and alleviating the data sparsity problem. This method construc…
Faculté Polytechnique de Mons（蒙斯理工学院）；Acapela Group（Acapela集团）
This paper proposes a method to improve the quality delivered by statistical parametric speech synthesizers. For this, we use a codebook of pitch-synchronous residual frames, so as to construct a more realistic source signal. First a limited codebook of typical excitations is built from some training database. During the synthesis part, HMMs are used to generate filter and source coefficients. The latter coefficients contain both the pitch and a compact representation of target residual frames. The source signal is obtained by concatenating excitation frames picked up from the codebook, based …
Detecting AI-Generated Sentences in Human-AI Collaborative Hybrid Texts: Challenges, Strategies, and Insights
Centre for Learning Analytics, Monash University（莫纳什大学学习分析中心）；National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University（华中师范大学教育大数据国家工程研究中心）
1D-Touch: NLP-Assisted Coarse Text Selection via a Semi-Direct Gesture
City University of Hong Kong（香港城市大学）；University of California San Diego（加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)（香港科技大学（广州））
Manual Summarization of large bodies of text involves a lot of human effort and time, especially in the legal domain. Lawyers spend a lot of time preparing legal briefs of their clients' case files. Automatic Text summarization is a constantly evolving field of Natural Language Processing(NLP), which is a subdiscipline of the Artificial Intelligence Field. In this paper a hybrid method for automatic text summarization of legal cases using k-means clustering technique and tf-idf(term frequency-inverse document frequency) word vectorizer is proposed. The summary generated by the proposed method …
