法诺线型和拉比分裂：它们能被人工生成或被数值孔径遮蔽吗？
Fano lineshapes and Rabi splittings: Can they be artificially generated or obscured by the numerical aperture?
摘要：
法诺共振和拉比分裂在科学文献中经常报道。不对称共振线形通常与Fano共振相关联，并且光谱中的两个分裂峰通常归因于拉比分裂。真正的法诺共振和拉比分裂是子系统之间相干耦合的明确标志。然而，相同的光谱线型特征法诺共振和拉比分裂产生一个纯粹的非相干强度总和？在这里，我们回答这个问题，通过实验与可调法布里-珀罗腔含有CsPbBr \textsubscript{3}钙钛矿晶体。通过测量该系统的传输和光致发光的显微镜物镜与不同的数值孔径（$NA$），我们发现，即使是适度的$NA=0.4$可以人为地产生法诺共振和拉比分裂。我们还表明，这种适度的$NA$可以掩盖一个真正的强耦合光物质系统的反交叉。通过传输矩阵计算，我们确认，这些光谱文物是由于在不同的角度捕获的$NA$的传输强度的不相干的总和。我们的研究结果是相关的广泛的纳米光子学社区，表征色散光学系统与高数值孔径显微镜物镜。我们的结论与一般的指导方针，以避免在这种光学系统的特性的陷阱。
英文摘要：
Fano resonances and Rabi splittings are routinely reported in the scientific literature. Asymmetric resonance lineshapes are usually associated with Fano resonances, and two split peaks in the spectrum are often attributed to a Rabi splitting. True Fano resonances and Rabi splittings are unequivocal signatures of coherent coupling between subsystems. However, can the same spectral lineshapes characterizing Fano resonances and Rabi splittings arise from a purely incoherent sum of intensities? Here we answer this question through experiments with a tunable Fabry-Pérot cavity containing a CsPbBr\textsubscript{3} perovskite crystal. By measuring the transmission and photoluminescence of this system using microscope objectives with different numerical aperture ($NA$), we find that even a modest $NA=0.4$ can artificially generate Fano resonances and Rabi splittings. We furthermore show that this modest $NA$ can obscure the anti-crossing of a bona fide strongly coupled light-matter system. Through transfer matrix calculations we confirm that these spectral artefacts are due to the incoherent sum of transmitted intensities at different angles captured by the $NA$. Our results are relevant to the wide nanophotonics community, characterizing dispersive optical systems with high numerical aperture microscope objectives. We conclude with general guidelines to avoid pitfalls in the characterization of such optical systems.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
