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arXiv 2101.08672astro-ph.SRhep-ph
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暗光子发射对大质量恒星演化和超新星前中微子信号的影响

Impact of Dark Photon Emission on Massive Star Evolution and Pre-Supernova Neutrino Signal

A. Sieverding, E. Rrapaj, G. Guo, Y. -Z. Qian

备注：
14 pages, 14 figures, submitted to ApJ
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摘要：

我们研究了由于发射暗物质候选粒子，暗光子，对$15\,M_\odot$恒星演化的最后阶段的额外冷却的影响，以及由此产生的超新星前中微子信号的修改。对于暗光子参数空间的很大一部分，额外的冷却加速了Si的燃烧，这导致在核心坍缩前的最后一天发射的中微子数量减少。这种减少可以通过相关时间尺度的系统加速来描述，并且结果可以与数值模拟良好一致地半解析地估计。在半解析体系之外，我们发现了更为复杂的效应。在一个狭窄的参数范围内，低质量的暗光子导致增加的发射中微子的数量，因为额外的壳燃烧事件，延迟核心崩溃。此外，相对较强的耦合在O燃烧期间产生热核失控，这可能导致恒星完全分裂，但需要更详细的模拟来确定结果。我们的结果表明，超新星爆发前中微子信号是暗光子参数空间的一个潜在的探针。

英文摘要：

We study the effects of additional cooling due to the emission of a dark matter candidate particle, the dark photon, on the final phases of the evolution of a $15\,M_\odot$ star and resulting modifications of the pre-supernova neutrino signal. For a substantial portion of the dark photon parameter space the extra cooling speeds up Si burning, which results in a reduced number of neutrinos emitted during the last day before core collapse. This reduction can be described by a systematic acceleration of the relevant timescales and the results can be estimated semi-analytically in good agreement with the numerical simulations. Outside the semi-analytic regime we find more complicated effects. In a narrow parameter range, low-mass dark photons lead to an increase of the number of emitted neutrinos because of additional shell burning episodes that delay core collapse. Furthermore, relatively strong couplings produce a thermonuclear runaway during O burning, which could result in a complete disruption of the star but requires more detailed simulations to determine the outcome. Our results show that pre-supernova neutrino signals are a potential probe of the dark photon parameter space.

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