ExoMars拉曼Laser光谱仪RLS，用于半量化火星富含橄榄石岩石的蛇纹石化程度
ExoMars Raman Laser Spectrometer RLS, a tool to semi-quantify the serpentinization degree of olivine-rich rocks on Mars
摘要：
我们评估ExoMars拉曼激光光谱仪（RLS）的有效性，以确定火星上富含橄榄石的单位的蛇纹石化程度。我们从莱卡蛇绿岩杂岩（Leka蛇绿岩Complex）中选择了火星超镁铁质岩石的陆地类似物，并使用实验室和飞行分析仪器对其进行了分析。我们首先用最先进的衍射和光谱实验室系统研究了样品（主要是橄榄石和蛇纹石）的矿物组成。我们将这些结果与使用我们的RLS ExoMars模拟器获得的结果进行了比较。我们的工作表明，RLS ExoMars模拟器成功地识别了所有主要阶段。此外，在模拟飞行仪器的自动操作模式时，RLS ExoMars模拟器还检测到了几种微量化合物，其中一些是NIR和XRD无法观察到的。此后，我们制作了RLS专用校准曲线（R2在0.9993和0.9995之间，不确定度在3.0%和5.2%之间，置信区间为95%），以估计样品中橄榄石和蛇纹石的相对含量。我们的研究结果表明，RLS可以非常有效地识别蛇纹石，这是一个重要的科学目标，用于探测火星上的生物特征，这是ExoMars探测器任务的主要目标。
英文摘要：
We evaluate what will be the effectiveness of the ExoMars Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) to determine the degree of serpentinization of olivine-rich units on Mars. We selected terrestrial analogues of martian ultramafic rocks from the Leka Ophiolite Complex (LOC) and analyzed them with both laboratory and flight-like analytical instruments. We first studied the mineralogical composition of the samples (mostly olivine and serpentine) with state-of-the-art diffractometric and spectroscopic laboratory systems. We compared these results with those obtained using our RLS ExoMars Simulator. Our work shows that the RLS ExoMars Simulator successfully identified all major phases. Moreover, when emulating the automatic operating mode of the flight instrument, the RLS ExoMars simulator also detected several minor compounds, some of which were not observed by NIR and XRD. Thereafter, we produced RLS dedicated calibration curves (R2 between 0.9993 and 0.9995 with an uncertainty between 3.0% and 5.2% with a confidence interval of 95%) to estimate the relative content of olivine and serpentine in the samples. Our results show that RLS can be very effective to identify serpentine, a scientific target of primary importance for the potential detection of biosignatures on Mars the main objective of the ExoMars rover mission.
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