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arXiv 2101.05751astro-ph.HE
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毫秒脉冲星的发射物理

The Emission Physics of Millisecond Pulsars

Alice K. Harding

摘要:

理解旋转动力毫秒脉冲星(MSP)的物理学与非回收脉冲星群体相比提出了许多挑战。尽管它们的快速旋转速率可以产生高的自旋下降功率和加速电场,但它们相对较低的表面磁场使得产生无线电发射所需的电子-正电子对变得困难。费米伽马射线太空望远镜已经发现了来自大部分MSP群体的脉冲W射线,其光变曲线与年轻的恒星惊人地相似。然而,它们非常紧凑的磁层使光柱上的磁场可以与最具能量的磁柱相媲美。这一事实和最近的全球磁层模型表明,粒子加速发生在光柱附近和之外,现在使来自MSP的W射线变得合理。大量增加的二进制系统窝藏MSP振兴了冲击加速和高能发射在这样的系统中的研究,许多显示轨道调制的X射线。本章将回顾MSPs多波长发射机制的历史和我们目前的研究。

英文摘要:

Understanding the physics of rotation-powered millisecond pulsars (MSPs) presents a number of challenges compared to that of the non-recycled pulsar population. Even though their fast rotation rates can produce high spin-down power and accelerating electric fields, their relatively low surface magnetic fields make the production of electron-positron pairs required for radio emission difficult. The Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope has discovered pulsed W-rays from a large fraction of the MSP population that have light curves surprisingly similar to those of young pulsars. However, their very compact magnetospheres enable magnetic fields at the light cylinder that are comparable to those of the most energetic pulsars. This fact and recent global magnetosphere models showing that particle acceleration takes place near and beyond the light cylinder, now makes the W-rays from MSPs plausible. The large increase in binary systems harboring MSPs has revitalized the study of shock acceleration and high-energy emission in such systems, with many showing orbitally-modulated X-rays. This Chapter will review the history and our current studies of the mechanisms for multiwavelength emission from MSPs.

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