The ESA's JUICE mission will provide a thorough investigation of the Jupiter system and the Galilean moons during its nominal tour, comprising flybys of Europa and Callisto, and an orbital phase about Ganymede at the end of the mission. The 3GM experiment will exploit accurate Doppler and range measurements to determine the moons' orbits and gravity fields (both static and tidal) and infer their interior structure. This paper presents the attainable accuracies of the Callisto geodesy experiment and addresses the effect of different flybys mean anomaly distribution and geometry on the estimation of the tidal Love number k2.
The study of thermal properties of frozen salt solutions representative of ice layers in Jovian moons is crucial to support the JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) (ESA) and Europa Clipper (NASA) missions, which will be launched in the upcoming years to make detailed observations of the giant gaseous planet Jupiter and three of its largest moons (Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto), due to the scarcity of experimental measurements. Therefore, we have conducted a set of experiments to measure and study the thermal conductivity of macroscopic frozen salt solutions of particular interest in these regi…
Laser altimetry is a powerful tool for addressing the major objectives of planetary physics and geodesy, and have been applied in planetary explorations of the Moon, Mars, Mercury, and the asteroids Eros, and Itokawa. The JUpiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE), led by European Space Agency (ESA), has started development to explore the emergence of habitable worlds around gas giants. The Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) will be the first laser altimeter for icy bodies, and will measure the shape and topography of the large icy moons of Jupiter, (globally for Ganymede, and using flyby ground-tracks f…
Occultations of the Jovian low frequency radio emissions by the Galilean moons have been observed by the PWS instrument of the Galileo spacecraft. We show that the ExPRES (Exoplanetary and Planetary Radio Emission Simulator) code accurately models the temporal occurrence of the occultations in the whole spectral range observed by Galileo/PWS. This validates of the ExPRES code. The method can be applied for preparing the JUICE moon flyby science operation planning. Occultations of the Jovian low frequency radio emissions by the Galilean moons have been observed by the PWS (Plasma Wave Science) …
The JUICE mission will perform detailed measurements of the properties of the Galilean moons, with a nominal in-system science-mission duration of about 3.5 years. Using both the radio tracking data, and (Earth- and JUICE-based) optical astrometry, the dynamics of the Galilean moons will be measured to unprecedented accuracy. This will provide crucial input to the determination of the ephemerides and physical properties of the system, most notably the dissipation in Io and Jupiter. The data from Planetary Radio Interferometry and Doppler Experiment (PRIDE) will provide the lateral position of …
In-flight calibration of RADEM, the JUICE mission radiation monitor
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas（粒子物理与实验仪器实验室）；Instituto Superior Técnico - University of Lisbon（里斯本大学高等技术学院）；European Space Agency(ESA) European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)（欧洲空间局欧洲航天天文中心）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku（图尔库大学物理与天文学系）；European Space Research and Technology Centre, European Space Agency（欧洲空间局欧洲空间研究与技术中心）
Juice-SWI during the Lunar-Earth-Gravity-Assist (LEGA) - Part 2: Instrument operations
Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS（波尔多天体物理实验室，波尔多大学，法国国家科学研究中心）；LIRA – Laboratoire d’Instrumentation et de Recherche en Astrophysique, Observatoire de Paris（天文仪器与研究实验室，巴黎天文台）；Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung（马克斯·普朗克太阳系研究所）；Institute of Science Tokyo（东京科学研究所）；Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern（伯尔尼大学应用物理研究所）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, Chalmers University of Technology（查尔姆斯理工大学物理与天文系）；Faculty of Science, Kyoto Sangyo University（京都产业大学理学部）；Centrum Badán Kosmicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk（波兰科学院空间研究中心）
We investigate the feasibility of detecting water molecules (H2O) and water ions (H20+) from the Europa plumes from a flyby mission. A Monte Carlo particle tracing method is used to simulate the trajectories of neutral particles under the influence of Europa's gravity field and ionized particles under the influence of Jupiter's magnetic field and the convectional electric field. As an example mission case we investigate the detection of neutral and ionized molecules using the Particle Environment Package (PEP), which is part of the scientific payload of the future JUpiter ICy moon Explorer mis…
Enceladus, an icy moon of Saturn, possesses an internal water ocean and jets expelling ocean material into space. Cassini investigations indicated that the subsurface ocean could be a habitable environment having a complex interaction with the rocky core. Further investigation of the composition of the plume formed by the jets is necessary to fully understand the ocean, its potential habitability, and what it tells us about Enceladus' origin. Moonraker has been proposed as an ESA M-class mission designed to orbit Saturn and perform multiple flybys of Enceladus, focusing on traversals of the pl…
The Galileo mission to Jupiter discovered magnetic signatures associated with hidden sub-surface oceans at the moons Europa and Callisto using the phenomenon of magnetic induction. These induced magnetic fields originate from electrically conductive layers within the moons and are driven by Jupiter's strong time-varying magnetic field. The ice giants and their moons are also ideal laboratories for magnetic induction studies. Both Uranus and Neptune have a strongly tilted magnetic axis with respect to their spin axis, creating a dynamic and strongly variable magnetic field environment at the or…
We present a study of an impacting descent probe that increases the science return of spacecraft orbiting or passing an atmosphere-less planetary body of the solar system, such as the Galilean moons of Jupiter. The descent probe is a carry-on small spacecraft (< 100 kg), to be deployed by the mother spacecraft, that brings itself onto a collisional trajectory with the targeted planetary body in a simple manner. A possible science payload includes instruments for surface imaging, characterisation of the neutral exosphere, and magnetic field and plasma measurement near the target body down to ve…
Joint dynamical-geophysical evidence for a limit cycle in the Galilean moons
California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）；Brown University（布朗大学）；Institute of Science Tokyo（东京科学研究所）；German Aerospace Center（德国航空航天中心）；University of California Santa Cruz（加州大学圣克鲁兹分校）
