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arXiv 2101.03038astro-ph.SR
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太阳耀斑中的FIP和逆FIP效应

The FIP and Inverse FIP Effects in Solar Flares

J. Martin Laming

摘要:

逆第一电离势(FIP)效应,即在太阳色球层电离的元素如Fe、Mg和Si相对于中性元素的日冕丰度的减少,已经在几次太阳耀斑中被证实。我们对与磁流体动力学波相关的有质动力分馏机制进行了更详细的讨论,特别注意逆FIP分馏产生的条件,以便更好地理解它与通常的FIP效应的关系,即Fe,Mg,Si等日冕丰度的增强。FIP效应是由平行传播的Alfvén波产生的,无论是光球,或者更像是日冕起源逆FIP效应是向上传播的快模波,起源于光球层或光球层以下,然后向下作用于色球层,在色球层中阿尔文速度随高度增加。我们给出了一个更物理动机的图片的FIP分馏,在太阳大气中的不均匀性周围的波折射的基础上,并受到以前的讨论中的类似现象的激光束的粒子的光学捕获的启发。我们将这些见解应用于对分馏进行建模,并与Katsuda等人(2020; arXiv:2001.10643)和Dennis等人(2015; arXiv:1503.01602)的观察结果保持良好一致。

英文摘要:

The Inverse First Ionization Potential (FIP) Effect, the depletion in coronal abundance of elements like Fe, Mg, and Si that are ionized in the solar chromosphere relative to those that are neutral, has been identified in several solar flares. We give a more detailed discussion of the mechanism of fractionation by the ponderomotive force associated with magnetohydrodynamic waves, paying special attention to the conditions in which Inverse FIP fractionation arises in order to better understand its relation to the usual FIP Effect, i.e. the enhancement of coronal abundance of Fe, Mg, Si, etc. The FIP Effect is generated by parallel propagating Alfvén waves, with either photospheric, or more likely coronal, origins. The Inverse FIP Effect arises as upward propagating fast mode waves with an origin in the photosphere or below, refract back downwards in the chromosphere where the Alfvén speed is increasing with altitude. We give a more physically motivated picture of the FIP fractionation, based on the wave refraction around inhomogeneities in the solar atmosphere, and inspired by previous discussions of analogous phenomena in the optical trapping of particles by laser beams. We apply these insights to modeling the fractionation and find good agreement with the observations of Katsuda et al. (2020; arXiv:2001.10643) and Dennis et al. (2015; arXiv:1503.01602).

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