自旋链化合物非平衡磁化的量子退火模拟
Quantum annealing simulation of out-of-equilibrium magnetization in a spin-chain compound
摘要：
几何阻挫自旋链化合物，如Ca 3Co 2 O 6在变化的磁场下表现出极慢的弛豫。因此，低温实验室实验和蒙特卡罗模拟都显示出特殊的非平衡磁化曲线，这是由亚稳态结构中的俘获引起的。在这项工作中，我们模拟这种现象在超导量子退火处理器，使我们能够探测量子涨落对系统的平衡和动力学的影响。增加横向场的量子涨落减少了亚稳陷阱的影响，在平衡样品，并有助于发展的三个亚晶格亚铁磁（上-上-下）长程序。在平衡时，我们确定了一个有限的温度肩在1/3饱和相变，促进量子涨落，但与熵的起源。这项工作证明了使用大规模可编程量子系统对受抑磁性进行动力学和平衡研究的可行性，因此是使用量子硬件对材料动力学进行可编程模拟的重要一步。
英文摘要：
Geometrically frustrated spin-chain compounds such as Ca3Co2O6 exhibit extremely slow relaxation under a changing magnetic field. Consequently, both low-temperature laboratory experiments and Monte Carlo simulations have shown peculiar out-of-equilibrium magnetization curves, which arise from trapping in metastable configurations. In this work we simulate this phenomenon in a superconducting quantum annealing processor, allowing us to probe the impact of quantum fluctuations on both equilibrium and dynamics of the system. Increasing the quantum fluctuations with a transverse field reduces the impact of metastable traps in out-of-equilibrium samples, and aids the development of three-sublattice ferrimagnetic (up-up-down) long-range order. At equilibrium we identify a finite-temperature shoulder in the 1/3-to-saturated phase transition, promoted by quantum fluctuations but with entropic origin. This work demonstrates the viability of dynamical as well as equilibrium studies of frustrated magnetism using large-scale programmable quantum systems, and is therefore an important step toward programmable simulation of dynamics in materials using quantum hardware.
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