HELIOS-K 2.0行星外大气不透明度计算器和开源不透明度数据库
HELIOS-K 2.0 Opacity Calculator and Open-source Opacity Database for Exoplanetary Atmospheres
摘要：
计算和使用不透明度是建立和解释系外行星大气数据的关键部分。由于基础光谱谱线列表不断扩展，目前包括约10^10 - 10^11条过渡谱线，因此不透明度计算器代码需要变得更强大。在这里，我们介绍了HELIOS-K GPU加速不透明度计算器的主要升级，并描述了在合理的时间内处理大型行列表的必要步骤。除了性能改进之外，我们还提供了更多功能，并提供了一个用于处理不同原子和分子数据集的工具箱：从下载和预处理数据到以用户友好的方式执行不透明度计算。HELIOS-K支持来自ExoMol、HITRAN、HITEMP、NIST、Kurucz和VALD 3的行列表。通过匹配ExoCross代码用于计时性能的0.1 cm^-1分辨率和25 cm^-1切割长度（251秒，不包括数据读入时间），HELIOS-K可以在12.5秒内处理ExoMol BT 2水管列表。使用0.01 cm^-1的分辨率，需要45秒--相当于每秒10^7行。由于0.01 cm^-1的波数分辨率足以满足大多数系外行星大气光谱计算的需要，因此我们在计算数百种原子和分子的不透明度函数时采用了这一分辨率，并将其免费提供给开放存取的DACE数据库。对于数据库的不透明度计算，我们对分子使用100 cm^-1的切割长度，对原子不使用切割长度。我们的不透明度可从https://dace.unige.ch/opacityDatabase下载，并可使用https：//dace.unige.ch/opacity可视化。
英文摘要：
Computing and using opacities is a key part of modeling and interpreting data of exoplanetary atmospheres. Since the underlying spectroscopic line lists are constantly expanding and currently include up to ~ 10^10 - 10^11 transition lines, the opacity calculator codes need to become more powerful. Here we present major upgrades to the HELIOS-K GPU-accelerated opacity calculator and describe the necessary steps to process large line lists within a reasonable amount of time. Besides performance improvements, we include more capabilities and present a toolbox for handling different atomic and molecular data sets: from downloading and pre-processing the data to performing the opacity calculations in a user-friendly way. HELIOS-K supports line lists from ExoMol, HITRAN, HITEMP, NIST, Kurucz and VALD3. By matching the resolution of 0.1 cm^-1 and cutting length of 25 cm^-1 used by the ExoCross code for timing performance (251 seconds excluding data read-in time), HELIOS-K can process the ExoMol BT2 water line list in 12.5 seconds. Using a resolution of 0.01 cm^-1, it takes 45 seconds - equivalent to about 10^7 lines per second. As a wavenumber resolution of 0.01 cm^-1 suffices for most exoplanetary atmosphere spectroscopic calculations, we adopt this resolution in calculating opacity functions for several hundred atomic and molecular species, and make them freely available on the open-access DACE database. For the opacity calculations of the database, we use a cutting length of 100 cm^-1 for molecules and no cutting length for atoms. Our opacities are available for downloading from https://dace.unige.ch/opacityDatabase and may be visualized using https://dace.unige.ch/opacity.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
