利用计算全息技术合成光谱
Synthesizing Optical Spectra using Computer-Generated Holography Techniques
摘要：
原子和分子的实验控制和检测通常依赖于不同电子状态之间的光学跃迁。在许多情况下，诸如超精细或自旋旋转结构的子结构导致需要由MHz到GHz间隔的多个光学频率。当频率的数量变大时，创造多个光学频率的任务--光谱工程--就变得具有挑战性了，这是一种在大磁场中的复杂分子和原子中可能遇到的情况。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新的方法来合成任意的光谱调制单色光场与时间相关的相位通过计算机生成的全息技术。我们的方法是兼容的非线性光学过程，如和频产生和二次谐波产生。由激发态的有限寿命引起的附加要求也可以在我们的方法中得到满足。作为原理验证演示，我们生成了适合于在CaF中的X-B跃迁上循环光子的光谱，并通过光学布洛赫方程模拟验证了可以实现高光子散射率，这对于荧光检测和激光冷却是重要的。我们的方法可以在未来的实验中提供显着的简化，否则会非常复杂。
英文摘要：
Experimental control and detection of atoms and molecules often rely on optical transitions between different electronic states. In many cases, substructure such as hyperfine or spin-rotation structure leads to the need for multiple optical frequencies spaced by MHz to GHz. The task of creating multiple optical frequencies -- optical spectral engineering -- becomes challenging when the number of frequencies becomes large, a situation that one could encounter in complex molecules and atoms in large magnetic fields. In this work, we present a novel method to synthesize arbitrary optical spectra by modulating a monochromatic light field with a time-dependent phase generated through computer-generated holography techniques. Our method is compatible with non-linear optical processes such as sum frequency generation and second harmonic generation. Additional requirements that arise from the finite lifetimes of excited states can also be satisfied in our approach. As a proof-of-principle demonstration, we generate spectra suitable for cycling photons on the X-B transition in CaF, and verify via Optical Bloch Equation simulations that one can achieve high photon scattering rates, which are important for fluorescent detection and laser cooling. Our method could offer significant simplifications in future experiments that would otherwise be prohibitively complex.
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