The oscillation of neutrons $n$ into mirror neutrons $n'$, their mass degenerate partners from dark mirror sector, can have interesting implications for neutron stars: an ordinary neutron star could gradually transform into a mixed star consisting in part of mirror dark matter. Mixed stars can be detectable as twin partners of ordinary neutron stars: namely, there can exist compact stars with the same masses but having different radii. For a given equation of state (identical between the ordinary and mirror components), the mass and radius of a mixed star depend on the proportion between the ordinary and mirror components in its interior which in turn depends on its age. If $50 \% - 50\%$ proportion between two fractions can be reached asymptotically in time, then the maximum mass of such "maximally mixed stars" should be $\sqrt2$ times smaller than that of ordinary neutron star while the stars exceeding a critical mass value $M^{\rm max}_{NS}/\sqrt2$ should collapse in black holes after certain time. We evaluate the evolution time and discuss the implications of $n-n'$ transition for the pulsar observations as well as for the gravitational waves from the neutron star mergers and associated electromagnetic signals.
Constraints on Neutron-Mirror-Neutron Oscillation from Neutron Star Cooling
通过分析限制中子-镜像中子混合对中子星加热的影响,提出了一种限制中子-镜像中子混合的方法($ε_{nn'}$)。该方法利用观测到的NS表面温度的界限来约束$ε_{nn'}$。有人认为,这种方法得到的界限是如此严格,它将排除任何发现的$n-n'$振荡,在目前计划的地面实验在各个实验室。这个结论促使我们更详细地批判性地分析这个建议。在本文中,我们指出了一个非常有趣的新效应,目前在近精确的镜像模型,它可以显着影响这个界限。新的元素是,在几乎精确的镜像模型中,存在$β$衰变的镜像模拟物,即$n' \to p' + e' + \barν'_e$,它在NS中产生一团镜像粒子$n'$、$p'$、$e'$、$D'$和He $'$。由此产生的$e'$可以通过镜像粒子中存在(微小)毫电荷而实现的$e-e'$散射,从NS“抢夺”由$n \to n'$跃迁产生的能量。镜像粒子上如此微小的毫电荷在这些模型中是非常可能的。这导致能量作为未观察到的镜像光子经由快速镜像轫致辐射发射,其效果是放松对$ε_{nn'}$的严格限制。
基于新近提出的中子-镜像中子($n-n'$)振荡的镜像物质模型[Phys.Lett. B 797,134921(2019)],在一个新的理论下,单星的演化和核合成。在新模型中,$n-n'$振荡是由两个扇区的粒子之间的非常小的质量差引起的。新的理论与新的$n-n'$模型可以证明在一个更有说服力的方式比传统的信念的演变。特别是,在恒星中的许多观测显示出对新理论和新的$n-n'$模型的强有力的支持。例如,白矮星和中子星的质量极限和结构,两种不同类型的核心坍缩超新星(II-P和II-L),重元素的合成,恒星中的脉动现象等,都可以在新的理论下容易和自然地解释。
Universality of dual mass-scaled fundamental modes in two-fluid neutron stars with mirror dark matter
Kochi University(高知大学);RIKEN Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS), RIKEN(理化学研究所交叉理论数学科学中心(iTHEMS));Kochi University of Technology(高知工科大学);University of Tübingen(蒂宾根大学);Indian Institute of Science(印度科学学院);Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences (FZU)(捷克科学院物理研究所)
A self-consistent single-fluid framework for neutron stars admixed with mirror dark matter
University of Coimbra(科英布拉大学);Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica(航空技术学院);Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina(圣卡塔琳娜联邦大学);University of Tübingen(蒂宾根大学)