arXiv 2012.145332020-12-28physics.plasm-ph

高密度H- $^{11}$ B等离子体中超热离子的聚变链式反应

On a fusion chain reaction via suprathermal ions in high-density H-$^{11}$B plasma

Fabio Belloni

发表信息：: Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 63 (2021) 055020
DOI：: 10.1088/1361-6587/abf255

摘要：

$^{11}$ B $(p,α)2α$聚变反应由于其非中子特性和在反应物和产物中不存在放射性物质而对于能量产生目的特别有吸引力。然而，由于$^{11}$ B燃料在高达100 keV的温度下的低反应性，其在热核制度中的开发似乎是禁止的。通过α粒子和燃料离子之间的弹性碰撞维持的聚变链，这种方式分散成超热能，已经被提出作为克服这种限制的可能途径。基于一个简单的模型，这项工作研究了再生过程中的无限，非简并$^{11}$ B等离子体，在很宽的密度和温度范围内的兴趣的激光驱动实验（$10^{24} \lesssim n_e \lesssim 10^{28} {\rm cm}^{-3}$，$T_e \lesssim 100$ keV，$T_i \sim$ 1 keV）。特别地，已使用包括核相互作用的$α$-$p$散射的截面数据。倍增因子$k_\infty$随电子温度显著增加，随等离子体密度不显著增加。然而，即使在考虑的最高温度和密度下，并且尽管由于核散射而增加了两倍以上，但$k_\infty$的数量级也仅为$10^{-2}$。一般来说，在受限方案中需要非常接近1的$k_\infty$值，以将超热核-热核能量产额提高高达$10^3$ - $10^4$的因子。

英文摘要：

The $^{11}$B$(p,α)2α$ fusion reaction is particularly attractive for energy production purposes because of its aneutronic character and the absence of radioactive species among reactants and products. Its exploitation in the thermonuclear regime, however, appears to be prohibitive due to the low reactivity of the $^{11}$B fuel at temperatures up to 100 keV. A fusion chain sustained by elastic collisions between the alpha particles and fuel ions, this way scattered to suprathermal energies, has been proposed as a possible route to overcome this limitation. Based on a simple model, this work investigates the reproduction process in an infinite, non-degenerate $^{11}$B plasma, in a wide range of densities and temperatures which are of interest for laser-driven experiments ($10^{24} \lesssim n_e \lesssim 10^{28} {\rm cm}^{-3}$, $T_e \lesssim 100$ keV, $T_i \sim$ 1 keV). In particular, cross section data for the $α$-$p$ scattering which include the nuclear interaction have been used. The multiplication factor, $k_\infty$, increases markedly with electron temperature and less significantly with plasma density. However, even at the highest temperature and density considered, and despite a more than twofold increase by the inclusion of the nuclear scattering, $k_\infty$ turns out to be of the order of $10^{-2}$ only. In general, values of $k_\infty$ very close to 1 are needed in a confined scheme to enhance the suprathermal-to-thermonuclear energy yield by factors of up to $10^3$-$10^4$.

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