受限空间中液-液相分离产生和维持的自推进微液滴
Self-propelling Microdroplets Generated and Sustained by Liquid-liquid Phase Separation in Confined Spaces
摘要：
受限空间中的流动传输在技术过程中无处不在，从微孔膜分离和纯化药物成分和生物医学治疗中的药物递送到催化剂填充反应器中的化学和生物质转化以及二氧化碳封存。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个独特的途径，通过自我推进的微滴在密闭空间中增强液体传输。当三元混合物被扩散性差的溶剂稀释时，这些微滴可以从局部的液-液相分离自发形成。高速图像揭示了微滴如何生长、破碎并沿着固体表面快速推进，最大速度高达~160 μ m/s，以响应由相分离产生的急剧浓度梯度。微滴自推进在受限空间的壁之间引起朝向相分离位置的补充流，这又驱动混合物脱离平衡并导致事件的重复级联。我们的研究结果的复杂性和丰富的现象，自推进液滴建议一个有效的方法来增强流动运动的多组分液体混合物在有限的空间内的时间有效的分离和智能运输过程。
英文摘要：
Flow transport in confined spaces is ubiquitous in technological processes, ranging from separation and purification of pharmaceutical ingredients by microporous membranes and drug delivery in biomedical treatment to chemical and biomass conversion in catalyst-packed reactors and carbon dioxide sequestration. In this work, we suggest a distinct pathway for enhanced liquid transport in a confined space via self-propelling microdroplets. These microdroplets can form spontaneously from localized liquid-liquid phase separation as a ternary mixture is diluted by a diffusing poor solvent. High speed images reveal how the microdroplets grow, break up and propel rapidly along the solid surface, with a maximal velocity up to ~160 um/s, in response to a sharp concentration gradient resulting from phase separation. The microdroplet self-propulsion induces a replenishing flow between the walls of the confined space towards the location of phase separation, which in turn drives the mixture out of equilibrium and leads to a repeating cascade of events. Our findings on the complex and rich phenomena of self-propelling droplets suggest an effective approach to enhanced flow motion of multicomponent liquid mixtures within confined spaces for time effective separation and smart transport processes.
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