B-Physics anomalies have recently raised renewed interest in leptoquarks (LQ), predicted in several theoretical frameworks. Under simplifying but conservative assumptions, we show that the current limits from LHC searches together with the requirement to explain the observed value for $R_{D^{(*)}}$ constrain the $R_2$ leptoquark mass to be in the range of $800 \leq m_{R_2} \leq 1000$ GeV. We study the search for $R_2$ at the LHeC via its resonance in the $bτ$ final state by performing a cut-and-count analysis of the signal and the dominant Standard Model backgrounds. We find that the LHeC has an excellent discovery potential for $R_2$ even for couplings to the first generation as small as ${\cal O}(10^{-2})$.
The OPERA collaboration has reported the observation of superluminal muon neutrinos, whose speed $v_ν$ exceeds that of light $c$, with $(v_ν- c)/c \simeq 2.5 \times 10^{-5}$. In a recent work, Cohen and Glashow (CG) have refuted this claim by noting that such neutrinos will lose energy, by pair-emission of particles, at unacceptable rates. Following the CG arguments, we point out that pair-emissions consistent with the OPERA anomaly can lead to detectable signals from decays of highly boosted top quarks at the LHC, allowing an independent test of the superluminal neutrino hypothesis.
Heavy neutrinos with additional interactions have recently been proposed as an explanation to the MiniBooNE excess. These scenarios often rely on marginally boosted particles to explain the excess angular spectrum, thus predicting large rates at higher-energy neutrino-electron scattering experiments. We place new constraints on this class of models based on neutrino-electron scattering sideband measurements performed at MINER$ν$A and CHARM-II. A simultaneous explanation of the angular and energy distributions of the MiniBooNE excess in terms of heavy neutrinos with light mediators is severely …
The discrepancy between the measured value and the Standard Model prediction for the muon anomalous magnetic moment is one of the important issues in the particle physics. In this paper, we consider a two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) where the extra Higgs doublet couples to muon and tau in lepton flavor violating (LFV) way and the one-loop correction involving the scalars largely contributes to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. The couplings should be sizable to explain the discrepancy, so that the extra Higgs bosons would dominantly decay into $μτ$ LFV modes, which makes the model testable at…
The $R_{K^{(*)}}$ anomaly can be explained by tree level exchange of leptoquarks. We study the consequences of subjecting these models to the principle of minimal flavor violation (MFV). We consider MFV in the linear regime, and take the charged lepton Yukawa matrix to be the only spurion that violates lepton flavor universality. We find that a combination of constraints from a variety of processes -- $b\to sμμ$, $b\to sττ$, $b\to sνν$, $b\bar b\toττ$ and $b\to cτν$ -- excludes MFV in these models.
The long-standing difference between the experimental measurement and the standard-model prediction for the muon's anomalous magnetic moment, $a_μ = (g_μ-2)/2$, may be explained by the presence of new weakly interacting particles with masses of a few 100 GeV. Particles of this kind can generally be directly produced at the LHC, and thus they may already be constrained by existing data. In this work, we investigate this connection between $a_μ$ and the LHC in a model-independent approach, by introducing one or two new fields beyond the standard model with spin and weak isospin up to one. For ea…
Non-universal gaugino mass models can naturally account for the dark matter relic density via the bulk annihilation process with relatively light bino LSP and right sleptons in the mass range of ~ 100 GeV, while accommodating the observed Higgs boson mass of ~ 125 GeV with TeV scale squark/gluino masses. A class of these models can also account for the observed muon g-2 anomaly via SUSY loops with wino and left sleptons in the mass range of 400 -- 700 GeV. These models can be tested at LHC via electroweak production of charged and neutral wino pair, leading to robust trilepton and same sign di…
Baksan Experiment on Sterile Neutrino (BEST) is presently at the stage of production of the artificial neutrino source Cr-51, the gallium exposure will start in July and proceed for three months. While aiming specifically at investigating the Gallium neutrino anomaly (SAGE and GALLEX experiments), BEST can do more and it is tempting to estimate its ability in testing sterile neutrino explanation of antineutrino (reactor) anomalies. We observe a moderate sensitivity to the region in model parameter space (sterile neutrino mass and mixing with active electron neutrino) outlined by the old reacto…
The persistent $a_μ\equiv (g-2)/2$ anomaly in the muon sector could be due to new physics visible in the electron sector through a sub-ppb measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron $a_e$. Driven by recent results on the electron mass (S. Sturm et al., Nature 506 (2014) 467), we reconsider the sources of uncertainties that limit our knowledge of $a_e$ including current advances in atom interferometry. We demonstrate that it is possible to attain the level of precision needed to test $a_μ$ in the naive scaling hypothesis on a timescale similar to next generation $g-2$ muon exp…
We study the thermal transition of QCD with two degenerate light flavours by lattice simulations using $\mathcal{O}(a)$-improved Wilson quarks. Particular emphasis lies on the pattern of chiral symmetry restoration, which we probe via the static screening correlators. On $32^3$ volumes we observe that the screening masses in transverse iso-vector vector and axial-vector channels become degenerate at the transition temperature. The splitting between the screening masses in iso-vector scalar and pseudoscalar channels is strongly reduced compared to the splitting at zero temperature and is actual…
Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies on large angular scales have uncovered a number of anomalous features of marginal statistical significance, such as a hemispherical power asymmetry, lack of power on large angular scales, and features in the power spectrum. Because the primary CMB temperature has been measured at the cosmic variance limit, determining if these anomalies are hints of new physics as opposed to foregrounds, systematics, or simply statistical flukes, requires new observables. In this paper, we highlight the potential contribution that f…
The most statistically significant hints for new physics in the flavor sector are discrepancies between theory and experiment in $B$ decays to lepton pairs ($b\to s\ell^+\ell^-$) and a deficit in $1^{\rm st}$ row CKM unitarity (the Cabibbo Angle anomaly). We propose that these anomalies can be reconciled by a simplified model with massive gauge bosons transforming in the adjoint representation of $SU(2)_L$. After calculating the impact of this model on $B$ decays, observables testing charged current lepton flavor universality (LFU), electro-weak precision observables and LHC searches we perfor…
