暗物质局域密度测定：最近的观测和未来展望
Dark matter local density determination: recent observations and future prospects
摘要：
这份报告总结了在估计局部密度的暗物质（$ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}}$），一个数量是特别重要的暗物质直接检测实验的进展。我们概述和比较最常见的方法来估计$ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}}$和最近的研究结果，包括那些受益于欧空局/盖亚卫星的观测。大多数当地分析的结果在$ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}} \simeq \text{0.4--0.6}\,\mathrm{GeV/cm^3} = \text{0.011--0.016}\,\mathrm{M_\odot / pc^3}$范围内一致，而大多数全球研究首选略低的$ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}} \simeq \text{0.3--0.5}\,\mathrm{GeV/cm^3} = \text{0.008--0.013}\,\mathrm{M_\odot / pc^3}$范围。根据最近的发现，我们讨论了超越我们定义为理想星系（一个稳定状态的星系与轴对称的形状和镜像对称的中间平面）的近似，以提高精度的$ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}}$测量的重要性。特别是，我们审查了越来越多的证据，本地不平衡和打破对称性，在目前的银河系的配置，以及与银河系分布的重子的不确定性。最后，我们评论的新想法，已提出进一步限制$ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}}$的价值，其中大部分将受益于盖亚的最终数据发布。
英文摘要：
This report summarises progress made in estimating the local density of dark matter ($ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}}$), a quantity that is especially important for dark matter direct detection experiments. We outline and compare the most common methods to estimate $ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}}$ and the results from recent studies, including those that have benefited from the observations of the ESA/Gaia satellite. The result of most local analyses coincide within a range of $ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}} \simeq \text{0.4--0.6}\,\mathrm{GeV/cm^3} = \text{0.011--0.016}\,\mathrm{M_\odot / pc^3}$, while a slightly lower range of $ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}} \simeq \text{0.3--0.5}\,\mathrm{GeV/cm^3} = \text{0.008--0.013}\,\mathrm{M_\odot / pc^3}$ is preferred by most global studies. In light of recent discoveries, we discuss the importance of going beyond the approximations of what we define as the Ideal Galaxy (a steady-state Galaxy with axisymmetric shape and a mirror symmetry across the mid-plane) in order to improve the precision of $ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}}$ measurements. In particular, we review the growing evidence for local disequilibrium and broken symmetries in the present configuration of the Milky Way, as well as uncertainties associated with the Galactic distribution of baryons. Finally, we comment on new ideas that have been proposed to further constrain the value of $ρ_{\mathrm{DM,\odot}}$, most of which would benefit from Gaia's final data release.
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