科学奖项与科学课题的超常增长
Scientific Prizes and the Extraordinary Growth of Scientific Topics
摘要：
快速增长的科学主题一直是科学新前沿的关键预兆，然而，对其起源和影响的大规模分析却很少。我们调查一个可能的因素与一个主题的非凡的增长：科学奖。我们对全球几乎所有公认的奖项和来自19个学科的11，000多个科学主题的纵向分析表明，与科学奖相关的主题在生产力，影响力和新进入者方面都有非凡的增长。相对于非获奖主题，获奖主题在获奖后的前五到十年内产生了40%以上的论文和33%以上的引用，保留了55%以上的科学家，并分别获得了37%和47%以上的新进入者和明星科学家。资金并不能解释获奖主题的增长。更确切地说，增长与奖项的学科特定程度、为最新研究颁发的奖项或奖金呈正相关。这些发现揭示了科学创新和投资背后的新动力。
英文摘要：
Fast growing scientific topics have famously been key harbingers of the new frontiers of science, yet, large-scale analyses of their genesis and impact are rare. We investigate one possible factor connected with a topic's extraordinary growth: scientific prizes. Our longitudinal analysis of nearly all recognized prizes worldwide and over 11,000 scientific topics from 19 disciplines indicates that topics associated with a scientific prize experience extraordinary growth in productivity, impact, and new entrants. Relative to matched non-prizewinning topics, prizewinning topics produce 40% more papers and 33% more citations, retain 55% more scientists, and gain 37% and 47% more new entrants and star scientists, respectively, in the first five-to-ten years after the prize. Funding do not account for a prizewinning topic's growth. Rather, growth is positively related to the degree to which the prize is discipline-specific, conferred for recent research, or has prize money. These findings reveal new dynamics behind scientific innovation and investment.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
