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arXiv 2012.07605cond-mat.quant-gasphysics.atom-ph
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连续玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚

Continuous Bose-Einstein condensation

Chun-Chia Chen, Rodrigo González Escudero, Jiří Minář, Benjamin Pasquiou, Shayne Bennetts, Florian Schreck

摘要:

玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)是一种宏观相干物质波,它对量子科学和原子物理学产生了革命性的影响。它们对量子模拟和传感至关重要,例如空间中的原子干涉仪和爱因斯坦等效原理的雄心勃勃的测试。大幅提高这种物质波传感器的带宽和精度的关键在于无限期地维持相干物质波。在这里,我们通过创造一个连续波(CW)凝聚的锶原子,持续无限的连续玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚。相干物质波是通过玻色激发的热浴中的原子增益放大来维持的。通过稳定地补充这个浴,同时实现比以前的作品高1000倍的相空间密度,我们保持冷凝的条件。这一进展克服了迄今为止所有原子量子气体实验的基本限制:需要按时间顺序执行几个冷却阶段。连续物质波放大将使连续波原子激光器成为可能,连续波光学激光器的原子对应物已经在技术和社会中无处不在。这种原子激光的相干性将不再受到BEC中原子数的限制,最终可以达到标准量子极限。我们的发展提供了一个新的,迄今为止缺失的一块原子光学,使连续相干物质波设备的建设。从次声引力波探测器到光学时钟,相干性、带宽和精度的巨大改善将在创造新一类量子传感器方面起决定性作用。

英文摘要:

Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are macroscopic coherent matter waves that have revolutionized quantum science and atomic physics. They are essential to quantum simulation and sensing, for example underlying atom interferometers in space and ambitious tests of Einstein's equivalence principle. The key to dramatically increasing the bandwidth and precision of such matter-wave sensors lies in sustaining a coherent matter wave indefinitely. Here we demonstrate continuous Bose-Einstein condensation by creating a continuous-wave (CW) condensate of strontium atoms that lasts indefinitely. The coherent matter wave is sustained by amplification through Bose-stimulated gain of atoms from a thermal bath. By steadily replenishing this bath while achieving 1000x higher phase-space densities than previous works, we maintain the conditions for condensation. This advance overcomes a fundamental limitation of all atomic quantum gas experiments to date: the need to execute several cooling stages time-sequentially. Continuous matter-wave amplification will make possible CW atom lasers, atomic counterparts of CW optical lasers that have become ubiquitous in technology and society. The coherence of such atom lasers will no longer be fundamentally limited by the atom number in a BEC and can ultimately reach the standard quantum limit. Our development provides a new, hitherto missing piece of atom optics, enabling the construction of continuous coherent matter-wave devices. From infrasound gravitational wave detectors to optical clocks, the dramatic improvement in coherence, bandwidth and precision now within reach will be decisive in the creation of a new class of quantum sensors.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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