暗粒子的鬼像
Ghost Imaging of Dark Particles
摘要：
我们提出了一种新的方法，利用量子成像和量子通信的光学工具来寻找超越标准模型的物理。自发参量下转换（SPDC）是一种常用的纠缠光子源，其中泵浦光子转换为信号-闲频对。我们建议寻找“暗SPDC”（dSPDC）事件中，一个新的暗扇区粒子取代闲置。虽然它不相互作用，但暗粒子的存在可以通过信号光子的性质来推断。暗态的例子包括类轴子粒子和暗光子。我们表明，光学介质的存在下转换过程，或衰变，这将是禁止在真空中打开的相空间。提出了采用信号光子的光学成像和/或光谱学的搜索方案。在我们的提议中，信号速率与新物理的微弱耦合的二次幂成比例，而不是光穿透墙壁的实验，其信号与四次耦合成比例。我们分析了增强dSPDC所需的光学介质的特性，并估计了速率。高分辨率的鬼成像测量的台式演示进行采用跳跃CCD演示其实用程序中的dSPDC搜索。
英文摘要：
We propose a new way to use optical tools from quantum imaging and quantum communication to search for physics beyond the standard model. Spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) is a commonly used source of entangled photons in which pump photons convert to a signal-idler pair. We propose to search for "dark SPDC" (dSPDC) events in which a new dark sector particle replaces the idler. Though it does not interact, the presence of a dark particle can be inferred by the properties of the signal photon. Examples of dark states include axion-like-particles and dark photons. We show that the presence of an optical medium opens the phase space of the down-conversion process, or decay, which would be forbidden in vacuum. Search schemes are proposed which employ optical imaging and/or spectroscopy of the signal photons. The signal rates in our proposal scales with the second power of the feeble coupling to new physics, as opposed to light-shining-through-wall experiments whose signal scales with coupling to the fourth. We analyze the characteristics of optical media needed to enhance dSPDC and estimate the rate. A bench-top demonstration of a high resolution ghost imaging measurement is performed employing a Skipper-CCD to demonstrate its utility in a dSPDC search.
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