GLACE survey: galaxy activity in ZwCl0024+1652 cluster from strong optical emission lines
Zeleke Beyoro-Amado, Miguel Sánchez-Portal, Angel Bongiovanni, Mirjana Pović, Solomon B. Tessema, Ricardo Pérez-Martínez, Ana María Pérez García, Miguel Cerviño… 展开作者
Zeleke Beyoro-Amado, Miguel Sánchez-Portal, Angel Bongiovanni, Mirjana Pović, Solomon B. Tessema, Ricardo Pérez-Martínez, Ana María Pérez García, Miguel Cerviño, Jakub Nadolny, Jordi Cepa, J. Ignacio González-Serrano, Irene Pintos-Castro
备注：
Accepted for publication in MNRAS main journal, 22 pages, 21 figures
Although ZwCl0024+1652 galaxy cluster at $z\sim0.4$ has been thoroughly analysed, it lacks a comprehensive study of star formation and nuclear activity of its members. With GaLAxy Cluster Evolution (GLACE) survey, a total of 174 H$α$ emission-line galaxies (ELGs) were detected, most of them having [NII}]. We reduced and analysed a set of [OIII] and H$β$ tunable filter (TF) observations within GLACE survey. Using H$α$ priors, we identified [OIII] and H$β$ in 35 ($\sim$20%) and 59 ($\sim$34%) sources, respectively, with 21 of them having both emission lines, and 20 having in addition [NII]. Applying BPT-NII diagnostic diagram, we classified these ELGs into 40% star-forming (SF), 55% composites, and 5% LINERs. Star formation rate (SFR) measured through extinction corrected H$α$ fluxes increases with stellar mass ($\mathrm{M}_{*}$), attaining its peak at $\mathrm{M}_{*}\sim10^{9.8}\mathrm{M}_\odot$. We observed that the cluster centre to $\sim$1.3Mpc is devoid of SF galaxies and AGN. Our results suggest that the star formation efficiency declines as the local density increases in the cluster medium. Moreover, the SF and AGN fractions drop sharply towards high-density environments. We observed a strong decline in SF fraction in high $\mathrm{M}_*$, confirming that star formation is highly suppressed in high-mass cluster galaxies. Finally, we determined that SFR correlates with $\mathrm{M}_*$ while specific SFR (sSFR) anti-correlates with $\mathrm{M}_*$, both for cluster and field. This work shows the importance and strength of TF observations when studying ELGs in clusters at higher redshifts. We provide with this paper a catalogue of ELGs with H$β$ and/or [OIII] lines in ZwCl0024+1652 cluster.
GLACE survey: OSIRIS/GTC tuneable imaging of the galaxy cluster ZwCl 0024.0+1652 II. The mass--metallicity relationship and the effect of the environment
GLACE survey: OSIRIS/GTC Tuneable Filter H$α$ imaging of the rich galaxy cluster ZwCl 0024.0+1652 at z = 0.395. Part I -- Survey presentation, TF data reduction techniques and catalogue
在0 $\lesssim$ z $\lesssim$ 1处的星系团核心主要是静止的早型星系，而场区主要是恒星形成的晚型星系。星系的性质，特别是恒星形成（SF）的能力，在它们落入过密区域时会发生变化。理解这种演化的关键问题是SF的截断如何与形态学转变和负责任的物理机制相联系。银河星系团演化巡天正在进行一项关于星系团代表性样本中星系特性（SF、AGN、形态）随环境变化的研究。发射线星系（ELG）的深度调查正在进行中，映射一组光学线（[OII]，[OIII]，H $β$和H $α$ /[NII]）在几个星系团在z $\sim$ 0.40，0.63和0.86。GLACE使用OSIRIS/GTC的可调谐滤波器（TF），应用TF层析成像技术：对于每条线，通过TF拍摄一组不同波长的图像，以覆盖数千km/s的静止帧速度范围。第一个GLACE结果靶向在z = 0.395的簇ZwCl 0024.0+1652中的H $α$ /[NII]系，覆盖$\sim$ 2 $\times$ r $_{vir}$。我们讨论的技术设计来处理TF层析成像观测产生的目录H $α$发射器的174个独特的集群源下降到SFR低于1 M $_{\odot}$ /年。AGN群体使用不同的诊断进行区分，发现是$\sim$，占ELG群体的37%。中位SFR为1.4 M $_{\odot}$ /年。我们研究了ELG的空间分布，证实了红移空…
GLACE survey: OSIRIS/GTC multi-object spectroscopy of the rich galaxy cluster ZwCl 0024.0+1652 at z~0.4. III. The mass-SFR relation and the quenching of cluster galaxies
The well-known cluster of galaxies ZwCl0024+1652 at z $\sim$ 0.4, lacks an in-depth morphological classification of its central region. While previous studies provide a visual classification of a patched area, we used the public code called galaxy Support Vector Machine (galSVM) and HST/ACS data as well as WFP2 master catalogue to automatically classify all cluster members up to 1 Mpc. galSVM analyses galaxy morphologies through Support Vector Machine (SVM). From the 231 cluster galaxies, we classified 97 as early-types (ET) and 83 as late-types (LT). The remaining 51 stayed unclassified (or u…
The correlation between fresh gas accretion onto haloes and galaxy star formation is critical to understanding galaxy formation. Different theoretical models have predicted different correlation strengths between halo accretion rates and galaxy star formation rates, ranging from strong positive correlations to little or no correlation. Here, we present a technique to observationally measure this correlation strength for isolated Milky Way-mass galaxies with $z < 0.123$. This technique is based on correlations between dark matter accretion rates and the projected density profile of neighbouring…
Understanding the connection between nuclear activity and galaxy environment remains critical in constraining models of galaxy evolution. By exploiting extensive catalogued data from the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey, we identify a representative sample of 205 quasars at 0.1 < z < 0.35 and establish a comparison sample of galaxies, closely matched to the quasar sample in terms of both stellar mass and redshift. On scales <1 Mpc, the galaxy number counts and group membership of quasars appear entirely consistent with those of the matched galaxy sample. Despite this, we find that quasar…
We report a discovery of a 1.3 Mpc diffuse radio source with extremely steep spectrum fading radio structures in the vicinity of the Abell 449 cluster of galaxies. Its extended diffuse lobes are bright only at low radio frequencies and their synchrotron age is about 160 Myr. The parent galaxy of the extended relic structure, which is the dominant galaxy within the cluster, is starting a new jet activity. There are three weak X-rays sources in the vicinity of the cluster as found in the ROSAT survey, however it is not known if they are connected with this cluster of galaxies. Just a few radio g…
We know that our Galaxy is permeated by tenuous, hot, metal-rich gas. However much remains unknown about its origin, the portion of the Galaxy that it permeates, its total mass, as any role it may play in regulating activity in the Galaxy. In a Letter currently in the press with the ApJ, we show that this hot gas permeates both the disk of the Galaxy and a large spherical volume, centered on the Galactic nucleus, and extending out to distances of at least 60-200 kpc from the center. This gas displays a peculiar density distribution that peaks about 6 kpc from the Galaxy's center, likely witnes…
We present activity demographics and host-galaxy properties of infrared-selected galaxies in the local Universe, using the representative Star Formation Reference Survey (SFRS). Our classification scheme is based on a combination of optical emission-line diagrams (BPT) and IR-color diagnostics. Using the weights assigned to the SFRS galaxies based on its parent sample, a far-infrared-selected sample comprises 71\% H\,\textsc{ii} galaxies, 13\% Seyferts, 3\% Transition Objects (TOs), and 13\% Low-Ionization Nuclear Emission-Line Regions (LINERs). For the SFRS H\,\textsc{ii} galaxies we derive n…
We study the connection between active galactic nuclei (AGN) and their host galaxies through cosmic time in the large-scale cosmological IllustrisTNG simulations. We first compare BH properties, i.e. the hard X-ray BH luminosity function, AGN galaxy occupation fraction, and distribution of Eddington ratios, to available observational constraints. The simulations produce a population of BHs in good agreement with observations, but we note an excess of faint AGN in hard X-ray (L_x ~ 10^{43-44} erg/s), and a lower number of bright AGN (L_x>10^{44} erg/s), a conclusion that varies quantitatively b…
We report on the presence of large amounts of million-degree gas in the Milky Way's interstellar and circum-galactic medium. This gas (1) permeates both the Galactic plane and the halo, (2) extends to distances larger than 60-200 kpc from the center, and (3) its mass is sufficient to close the Galaxy's baryon census. Moreover, we show that a vast, $\sim 6$ kpc radius, spherically-symmetric central region of the Milky Way above and below the 0.16 kpc thick plane, has either been emptied of hot gas or the density of this gas within the cavity has a peculiar profile, increasing from the center up…
We report the discovery of a `Triple-Double Radio Galaxy (TDRG)' J1216+0709 detected in deep low-frequency Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations. J1216+0709 is only the third radio galaxy, after B0925+420 and Speca, with three pairs of lobes resulting from three different episodes of AGN jet activity. The 610 MHz GMRT image clearly displays an inner pair of lobes, a nearly co-axial middle pair of lobes and a pair of outer lobes that is bent w.r.t. the axis of inner pair of lobes. The total end-to-end projected sizes of the inner, middle, and outer lobes are 40$^{{\prime}{\prime}}…
Analysing the quantified HI profile asymmetries of galaxies in different environments, we explore not only the prevalence of asymmetry in HI profiles, but also the possibility of using HI profile asymmetries to trace merger activity. We construct close pair and isolated galaxy catalogues of HI profiles from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey, and using a simple HI flux ratio, quantify and compare the profile asymmetries between the two catalogues. In this way, we investigate the popular proposition that merger activity causes HI profiles to become asymmetric, and thereby probe the r…
Nearby, low-metallicity dwarf starburst galaxies hosting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) offer the best local analogs to study the early evolution of galaxies and their supermassive black holes (BHs). Here we present a detailed multi-wavelength investigation of star formation and BH activity in the low-metallicity dwarf-dwarf galaxy merger Mrk 709. Using Hubble Space Telescope H$α$ and continuum imaging combined with Keck spectroscopy, we determine that the two dwarf galaxies are likely in the early stages of a merger (i.e., their first pass) and discover a spectacular $\sim 10$ kpc-long string …
External accretion events such as a galaxy merger or the accretion of gas from the immediate environment of a galaxy, can create a large misalignment between the gas and the stellar kinematics. Numerical simulations have suggested that misaligned structures may promote the inflow of gas to the nucleus of the galaxy and the accretion of gas by the central supermassive black hole. We show for the first time that galaxies with a strong misalignment between the ionised gas and stellar kinematic angles have a higher observed fraction of active black holes than galaxies with aligned rotation of gas …
The Impact of Cluster Mergers on Galaxy Properties
Macquarie University（麦考瑞大学）；Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München（慕尼黑路德维希-马克西米利安大学）；University of Western Australia（西澳大学）；Swinburne University（斯威本科技大学）
Nuclear activity and star formation play relevant roles in the early stages of galaxy formation. We aim at identifying them in high redshift galaxies by exploiting high-resolution and sensitivity X-ray and mm data to confirm their presence and relative role in contributing to the galaxy SEDs and energy budget. We present the data, model and analysis in the X-ray and mm bands for two strongly lensed galaxies, SDP.9 and SDP.11, selected in the Herschel-ATLAS catalogues as having an excess emission in the mid-IR regime at z>1.5, suggesting nuclear activity in the early stages of galaxy formation.…
We use a sample built on the SDSS DR7 catalogue and the bulge-disc decomposition of Simard et al. (2011) to study how the bulge and disc components contribute to the parent galaxy's star formation activity, by determining its position in the star formation rate (SFR) - stellar mass (M$_{\star}$) plane at 0.02$<z<$0.1. We use the bulge and disc colours as proxy for their SFRs. We study the mean galaxy bulge-total mass ratio (B/T) as a function of the residual from the MS ($Δ_{MS}$) and find that the B/T-$Δ_{MS}$ relation exhibits a parabola-like shape with the peak of the MS corresponding to th…
Cloud-cloud collision (CCC) has been suggested as a mechanism to induce massive star formation. Recent simulations suggest that a CCC speed is different among galactic-scale environments, which is responsible for observed differences in star formation activity. In particular, a high-speed CCC is proposed as a cause of star formation suppression in the bar regions in barred spiral galaxies. Focusing on the strongly barred galaxy NGC1300, we investigate the CCC speed. We find the CCC speed in the bar and bar-end tend to be higher than that in the arm. The estimated CCC speed is $\sim20~\rm km~s^…
The outer Galaxy is an environment with metallicity lower than the Solar one. Because of this, the formation and survival of molecules in star-forming regions located in the inner and outer Galaxy is expected to be different. To gain understanding on how chemistry changes throughout the Milky Way, it is crucial to observe outer Galaxy star-forming regions to constrain models adapted for lower metallicity environments. In this paper we present a new observational project: chemical complexity in star-forming regions of the outer Galaxy (CHEMOUT). The goal is to unveil the chemical composition in…
The evolution of satellite galaxies is shaped by their constant interaction with the circum galactic medium surrounding central galaxies, which in turn may be affected by gas and energy ejected from the central supermassive black hole. However, the nature of this coupling between black holes and galaxies is highly debated and observational evidence remains scarce. Here we report an analysis of archival data on 124,163 satellite galaxies in the potential wells of 29,631 dark matter halos with masses between 10$^{12}$ and $10^{14}$ solar masses. We find that quiescent satellites are relatively l…
We investigate the host galaxy and environment properties of a sample of 400 low z (<0.5) quasars that were imaged in the SDSS Stripe82. We can detect and study the properties of the host galaxy for more than 75% of the data sample. We discover that quasar are mainly hosted in luminous galaxies of absolute magnitude M* -3 < M(R) < M* and that in the quasar environments the galaxy number density is comparable to that of inactive galaxies of similar luminosities. For these quasars we undertake also a study in u,g,r,i and z SDSS bands and again we discover that the mean colours of the quasar host…
Studying the transformation of cluster galaxies contributes a lot to have a clear picture of evolution of the universe. Towards that we are studying different properties (morphology, star formation, AGN contribution and metallicity) of galaxies in clusters up to $z\sim1.0$ taking three different clusters: ZwCl0024+1652 at $z\sim0.4$, RXJ1257+4738 at $z\sim0.9$ and Virgo at $z\sim0.0038$. For ZwCl0024+1652 and RXJ1257+4738 clusters we used tunable filters data from GLACE survey taken with GTC 10.4 m telescope and other public data, while for Virgo we used public data. We did the morphological c…
We present a study of the central radio activity of galaxy clusters at high redshift. Using a large sample of galaxy clusters at $0.7<z<1.5$ from the Massive and Distant Clusters of {\it WISE} Survey and the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters $1.4$~GHz catalog, we measure the fraction of clusters containing a radio source within the central $500$~kpc, which we term the cluster radio-active fraction, and the fraction of cluster galaxies within the central $500$~kpc exhibiting radio emission. We find tentative ($2.25σ$) evidence that the cluster radio-active fraction increases w…
We have analysed a new high-resolution e-MERLIN 1.5 GHz radio continuum map together with $HST$ and SDSS imaging of NGC 5322, an elliptical galaxy hosting radio jets, aiming to understand the galaxy's central structure and its connection to the nuclear activity. We decomposed the composite $HST$ + SDSS surface brightness profile of the galaxy into an inner stellar disc, a spheroid, and an outer stellar halo. Past works showed that this embedded disc counter-rotates rapidly with respect to the spheroid. The $HST$ images reveal an edge-on nuclear dust disc across the centre, aligned along the ma…
Galaxy nuclei are a unique laboratory to study gas flows. High-resolution imaging of the gas flows in galactic nuclei are instrumental in the study of the fueling and the feedback of star formation and nuclear activity in nearby galaxies. Several fueling mechanisms can be now confronted in detail with observations done with state-of-the-art interferometers. Furthermore, the study of gas flows in galactic nuclei can probe the feedback of activity on the interstellar medium of galaxies. Feedback action from star formation and AGN activity is invoked to prevent galaxies from becoming overly massi…
Radio activity in AGN (Active Galactic Nuclei) produce feedback on the host galaxy via the impact of the relativistic jets on the circumnuclear gas. Although radio jets can reach up to several times the optical radius of the host galaxy, in this review we focus on the observation of the feedback deposited locally in the central region of the host galaxies, in the form of outflows due to the jet-gas interaction. We begin by discussing how galaxy mergers and interactions are the most favored scenario for triggering radio AGN after gas accretion to the nuclear supermassive black hole and star for…
The outer Galaxy beyond the Outer Arm provides a good opportunity to study star formation in an environment significantly different from that in the solar neighborhood. However, star-forming regions in the outer Galaxy have never been comprehensively studied or cataloged because of the difficulties in detecting them at such large distances. We studied 33 known young star-forming regions associated with 13 molecular clouds at $R_{\rm G}$ $\ge$ 13.5 kpc in the outer Galaxy with data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mid-infrared all-sky survey. From their color distribution, we…
This paper systematically investigates comoving Mpc scale intergalactic medium (IGM) environment around galaxies traced by the Ly$α$ forest. Using our cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, we investigate the IGM-galaxy connection at $z=2$ by two methods: (I) cross-correlation analysis between galaxies and the fluctuation of Ly$α$ forest transmission ($δ_\text{F}$); and (II) comparing the overdensity of neutral hydrogen (HI) and galaxies. Our simulations reproduce observed cross-correlation functions (CCF) between Ly$α$ forest and Lyman-break galaxies. We further investigate the variation of t…
We present Chandra ACIS-S and ATCA radio continuum observations of the strongly lensed dusty, star-forming galaxy SPT-S J034640-5204.9 (hereafter SPT0346-52) at $z$ = 5.656. This galaxy has also been observed with ALMA, HST, Spitzer, Herschel, APEX, and the VLT. Previous observations indicate that if the infrared (IR) emission is driven by star formation, then the inferred lensing-corrected star formation rate ($\sim$ 4500 $M_{\sun}$ yr$^{-1}$) and star formation rate surface density $Σ_{\rm SFR}$ ($\sim$ 2000 $M_{\sun} {yr^{-1}} {kpc^{-2}}$) are both exceptionally high. It remained unclear fr…
J023721.13$-$010528.5: A Giant $S$-shaped Radio Galaxy Showing Four Episodes of Jet Activity
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research（印度科学教育研究所）；National Centre for Radio Astrophysics - Tata Institute of Fundamental Research（塔塔基础研究院国家射电天文中心）
The origin of the quenching in galaxies is still highly debated. Different scenarios and processes are proposed. We use multi-band (400-1600 nm) bulge-disc decompositions of massive galaxies in the redshift range 0<z<2 to explore the distribution and the evolution of galaxies in the log SFR-logM* plane as a function of the stellar mass-weighted bulge-to-total ratio (BTM) and also for internal galaxy components (bulge/disc) separately. We find evidence of a clear link between the presence of a bulge and the flattening of the Main Sequence in the high-mass end. All bulgeless galaxies (BTM<0.2) l…
As a rule, both lobes of Fanaroff-Riley (FR) type-II radio sources are terminated with hotspots, but the 3C328 radio galaxy is a specimen of an FR II-like object with a hotspot in only one lobe. A conceivable reason for such asymmetry is that the nucleus of 3C328 was temporarily inactive. There was no energy transfer from it to the lobes during the period of quiescence, and so they began to fade out. However, under the assumption that the axis connecting the two lobes makes an appreciable angle with the sky plane, and hence one is considerably farther from the observer than the other, the lobe…
We report on C-band (5 - 7 GHz) observations of the galaxy, NGC~2992, from the CHANG-ES sample. This galaxy displays an embedded nuclear double-lobed radio morphology within its spiral disk, as revealed in linearly polarized emission but {\it not} in total intensity emission. The radio lobes are kpc-sized, similar to what has been observed in the past for other Seyfert galaxies, and show ordered magnetic fields. NGC~2992 has shown previous evidence for AGN-related activity, but not the linearly polarized radio features that we present here. We draw attention to this galaxy as the first clear e…
We use hydrodynamical simulations of a Cartwheel-like ring galaxy, modelled as a nearly head-on collision of a small companion with a larger disc galaxy, to probe the evolution of the gaseous structures and flows, and to explore the physical conditions setting the star formation activity. Star formation is first quenched by tides as the companion approaches, before being enhanced shortly after the collision. The ring ploughs the disc material as it radially extends, and almost simultaneously depletes its stellar and gaseous reservoir into the central region, through the spokes, and finally dis…
We present the results of observations of 22GHz H2O maser emission in NGC 6240 and M51 made with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. Two major H2O maser features and several minor features are detected toward the southern nucleus of NGC 6240. These features are redshifted by about 300 km/s from the galaxy's systemic velocity and remain unresolved at the synthesized beam size. A combination of our two-epoch observations and published data reveals an apparent correlation between the strength of the maser and the 22GHz radio continuum emission, implying that the maser excitation relates to the a…
An automated activity classification tool for optical galaxy spectra
University of Crete（克里特大学）；Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas（希腊研究与技术基金会）；Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian（天体物理中心 | 哈佛与史密森尼学会）；Astronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences（科学院天文研究所）；ALMA Sistemi Srl（ALMA系统有限公司）；Quantum Innovation Pc（量子创新公司）
