极冠表面的花丝与高纬花丝
Filigree in the Surroundings of Polar Crown and High-Latitude Filaments
摘要：
对极冠和高纬度细丝的高分辨率观测很少。我们提出了一个独特的样品，这样的细丝观察到高分辨率H $α$窄带滤波图和宽带图像，这是获得一个新的快速相机系统在真空塔望远镜（VTT），西班牙特内里费岛。色球望远镜（ChroTel）提供了H $α$、Ca II K和He I 10830 A的全圆盘背景观测。太阳动力学观测台上的日震和磁成像仪和大气成像装置分别提供了视线磁图和紫外线1700 A滤波图。我们研究花丝在极冠和高纬度的灯丝附近，并将它们的位置与磁浓度在灯丝的脚点。在低纬度的光球层中，亮点是一个被充分研究的现象，但在靠近两极的安静网络中，亮点还没有被研究过。我们研究了亮点的大小，面积和偏心率，发现它们的形态与低纬度的对应物非常相似，但它们的大小和面积更大。亮点在极冠细丝的脚点优先位于较强的磁通量浓度，这是有关的超颗粒的边界处的明亮区域，如在UV滤波图中观察到的。连续三天观察亮点的演化表明，当暗条衰减时，亮点的数量增加，这表明它们影响了暗条中冷等离子体的平衡。
英文摘要：
High-resolution observations of polar crown and high-latitude filaments are scarce. We present a unique sample of such filaments observed in high-resolution H$α$ narrow-band filtergrams and broad-band images, which were obtained with a new fast camera system at the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT), Tenerife, Spain. The Chromospheric Telescope (ChroTel) provided full-disk context observations in H$α$, Ca II K, and He I 10830 A. The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) provided line-of-sight magnetograms and ultraviolet (UV) 1700 A filtergrams, respectively. We study filigree in the vicinity of polar crown and high-latitude filaments and relate their locations to magnetic concentrations at the filaments' footpoints. Bright points are a well studied phenomenon in the photosphere at low latitudes, but they were not yet studied in the quiet network close to the poles. We examine size, area, and eccentricity of bright points and find that their morphology is very similar to their counterparts at lower latitudes, but their sizes and areas are larger. Bright points at the footpoints of polar crown filaments are preferentially located at stronger magnetic flux concentrations, which are related to bright regions at the border of supergranules as observed in UV filtergrams. Examining the evolution of bright points on three consecutive days reveals that their amount increases while the filament decays, which indicates they impact the equilibrium of the cool plasma contained in filaments.
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