季节性关税配额对瑞士蔬菜价格影响的评估
Assessing the effects of seasonal tariff-rate quotas on vegetable prices in Switzerland
摘要：
由于蔬菜种类繁多，生长季节不同，对关税配额（TRQs）对蔬菜生产者价格的短期影响的因果关系的评估受到阻碍，因此很少进行。我们量化的影响，瑞士的季节性关税配额对国内生产者价格的各种蔬菜的差异的基础上，使用一种新的数据集每周生产者价格为瑞士和邻国的差异估计。我们发现，关税配额使大多数蔬菜的价格在主要收获期比邻国的价格高出20%以上，有些蔬菜甚至高出50%以上。与有机蔬菜相比，这种影响对更容易腐烂的蔬菜和传统生产的蔬菜更强。然而，我们没有发现关税配额对每周蔬菜价格波动的明确影响，尽管瑞士与邻国相比整体价格波动较低可能是关税配额制度到位的结果。
英文摘要：
Causal estimation of the short-term effects of tariff-rate quotas (TRQs) on vegetable producer prices is hampered by the large variety and different growing seasons of vegetables and is therefore rarely performed. We quantify the effects of Swiss seasonal TRQs on domestic producer prices of a variety of vegetables based on a difference-in-differences estimation using a novel dataset of weekly producer prices for Switzerland and neighbouring countries. We find that TRQs increase prices of most vegetables by more than 20% above the prices in neighbouring countries during the main harvest time for most vegetables and even more than 50% for some vegetables. The effects are stronger for more perishable vegetables and for conventionally produced ones compared with organic vegetables. However, we do not find clear-cut effects of TRQs on the week-to-week price volatility of vegetables although the overall lower price volatility in Switzerland compared with neighbouring countries might be a result of the TRQ system in place.
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