随机故障和蓄意攻击下的量子互联网
Quantum Internet under random breakdowns and intentional attacks
摘要：
量子网络将在分布式量子信息处理中发挥关键作用。随着网络规模的增加，网络级的错误，如随机故障和故意攻击是不可避免的;因此，重要的是要了解大规模量子网络的鲁棒性，类似于经典的对应物-互联网。对于Waxman网络等指数网络，错误只是重新参数化网络，并导致量子容量随错误概率线性下降。无标度量子网络在随机故障下也会发生同样的线性衰减，尽管之前发现了连通性的鲁棒性。然而，在存在攻击的情况下，无标度量子网络的容量随着攻击分数的增加而呈指数衰减。我们的研究结果适用于基于光纤的量子互联网的各种量子通信，并为未来构建量子网络的鲁棒性提供了启示。
英文摘要：
Quantum networks will play a key role in distributed quantum information processing. As the network size increases, network-level errors like random breakdown and intentional attack are inevitable; therefore, it is important to understand the robustness of large-scale quantum networks, similar to what has been done for the classical counterpart---the Internet. For exponential networks such as Waxman networks, errors simply re-parameterize the network and lead to a linear decrease of the quantum capacity with the probability of error. The same linear decay happens for scale-free quantum networks under random breakdowns, despite the previously discovered robustness in terms of the connectivity. In presence of attack, however, the capacity of scale-free quantum networks shows a sharp exponential decay with the increasing attack fraction. Our results apply to quantum internet based on fibers for all kinds of quantum communications and provide implications for the future construction of quantum networks with regard to its robustness.
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