镧系金属L X射线跃迁的绝对能量和发射线形状
Absolute energies and emission line shapes of the L x-ray transitions of lanthanide metals
摘要：
我们使用一个阵列的过渡边缘传感器，低温微量热仪与4 eV的能量分辨率，测量L X射线发射线轮廓的四个元素的镧系元素：镨，钕，铽，钬。该光谱仪还测量了许多X射线标准，以建立可追溯到国际单位制的能量范围为4 keV至10 keV的绝对能量校准。新的结果包括97条谱线的发射谱线轮廓，每条谱线都表示为一个或多个Voigt函数的总和;相对于现有的参考数据，其中71条谱线的绝对能量不确定性有所改善;峰值能量的不确定性中值为0.24 eV，比先前工作的中值好4到10倍;以及6条在现有参考表中缺乏任何测量值的谱线。这97条谱线几乎包含了这些元素在宽带X射线激发下的所有最强L谱线。这项工作改进了以前的测量与一个类似的低温光谱仪通过使用具有更好的线性度的吸收能量和金X射线吸收层，具有高斯能量响应函数的传感器。它还采用了一种新型的样品架，能够在科学目标和校准目标之间快速切换，并具有出色的增益平衡。此处显示的大多数峰值能量值结果应被视为当前列表标准参考值的替代，而此处给出的线形代表了可用参考数据范围的显著扩展。
英文摘要：
We use an array of transition-edge sensors, cryogenic microcalorimeters with 4 eV energy resolution, to measure L x-ray emission-line profiles of four elements of the lanthanide series: praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, and holmium. The spectrometer also surveys numerous x-ray standards in order to establish an absolute-energy calibration traceable to the International System of Units for the energy range 4 keV to 10 keV. The new results include emission line profiles for 97 lines, each expressed as a sum of one or more Voigt functions; improved absolute energy uncertainty on 71 of these lines relative to existing reference data; a median uncertainty on the peak energy of 0.24 eV, four to ten times better than the median of prior work; and 6 lines that lack any measured values in existing reference tables. The 97 lines comprise nearly all of the most intense L lines from these elements under broad-band x-ray excitation. The work improves on previous measurements made with a similar cryogenic spectrometer by the use of sensors with better linearity in the absorbed energy and a gold x-ray absorbing layer that has a Gaussian energy-response function. It also employs a novel sample holder that enables rapid switching between science targets and calibration targets with excellent gain balancing. Most of the results for peak energy values shown here should be considered as replacements for the currently tabulated standard reference values, while the line shapes given here represent a significant expansion of the scope of available reference data.
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