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arXiv 2011.13949hep-phhep-th
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超对称破缺引起的时空波动

Ripples in Spacetime from Broken Supersymmetry

Nathaniel Craig, Noam Levi, Alberto Mariotti, Diego Redigolo

摘要:

我们开始了对超光速破缺暗区一级相变产生的引力波信号的研究。这样的相变通常发生在伪平坦方向上,这与自发破坏$R$对称性的隐藏扇区中的超对称性(SUSY)破缺普遍相关。沿着这个伪平坦方向的势赋予了相变许多新的性质,包括远低于重态尺度的成核温度(使得温度依赖性被低温膨胀捕获)和当它们穿过气泡壁时由相同的重态引起的显著摩擦。在低能量超对称性破坏的隐藏扇区中,由于引力子丰度的现有宇宙学约束,由这种相变产生的GW信号的频率保证位于未来干涉仪的范围内。一旦指定了调解方案,GW峰值的频率就与超级伙伴频谱相关。目前超对称性的界限与未来干涉仪的GW信号兼容,而从超对称性破坏的隐藏扇区观察到的GW信号将意味着未来对撞机的超伙伴。

英文摘要:

We initiate the study of gravitational wave (GW) signals from first-order phase transitions in supersymmetry-breaking hidden sectors. Such phase transitions often occur along a pseudo-flat direction universally related to supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking in hidden sectors that spontaneously break $R$-symmetry. The potential along this pseudo-flat direction imbues the phase transition with a number of novel properties, including a nucleation temperature well below the scale of heavy states (such that the temperature dependence is captured by the low-temperature expansion) and significant friction induced by the same heavy states as they pass through bubble walls. In low-energy SUSY-breaking hidden sectors, the frequency of the GW signal arising from such a phase transition is guaranteed to lie within the reach of future interferometers given existing cosmological constraints on the gravitino abundance. Once a mediation scheme is specified, the frequency of the GW peak correlates with the superpartner spectrum. Current bounds on supersymmetry are compatible with GW signals at future interferometers, while the observation of a GW signal from a SUSY-breaking hidden sector would imply superpartners within reach of future colliders.

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