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arXiv 2011.12378cs.LGstat.ML
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时间序列数据的非线性函数-函数回归模型

A Non-linear Function-on-Function Model for Regression with Time Series Data

Hitachi America, Ltd.(日立美国有限公司);Penn State University(宾夕法尼亚州立大学)

Qiyao Wang, Haiyan Wang, Chetan Gupta, Aniruddha Rajendra Rao, Hamed Khorasgani

摘要:

在过去的几十年里,为非标量变量(包括时间序列、文本、图像和视频)构建回归模型吸引了数据分析界越来越多的研究人员的兴趣。在本文中,我们专注于一个多元时间序列回归问题。具体来说,我们的目标是学习从特定时间间隔S内的多个按时间顺序测量的数值变量到时间间隔T上的多个感兴趣的数值变量的数学映射。现有技术,包括多变量回归模型、Seq 2Seq模型和函数线性模型,受到若干限制。前两类模型只能处理有规律的观测时间序列。此外,传统的多元回归模型往往是有偏的和效率低下的,因为它们不能编码的时间依赖性之间的观察从同一时间序列。顺序学习模型明确地使用相同的参数集,这对准确性有负面影响。函数数据分析(统计学的一个分支)中的函数对函数线性模型不足以捕捉所考虑的时间序列之间的复杂相关性,并且容易发生欠拟合。在本文中,我们提出了一个一般的功能映射,包括功能上的功能线性模型作为一个特殊情况。然后,我们提出了一个非线性的功能上的功能模型,使用全连接的神经网络从数据中学习映射,解决了现有方法中的上述问题。对于所提出的模型,我们详细描述了相应的数值实现程序。通过对两个实际问题的应用,证明了该模型的有效性。

英文摘要:

In the last few decades, building regression models for non-scalar variables, including time series, text, image, and video, has attracted increasing interests of researchers from the data analytic community. In this paper, we focus on a multivariate time series regression problem. Specifically, we aim to learn mathematical mappings from multiple chronologically measured numerical variables within a certain time interval S to multiple numerical variables of interest over time interval T. Prior arts, including the multivariate regression model, the Seq2Seq model, and the functional linear models, suffer from several limitations. The first two types of models can only handle regularly observed time series. Besides, the conventional multivariate regression models tend to be biased and inefficient, as they are incapable of encoding the temporal dependencies among observations from the same time series. The sequential learning models explicitly use the same set of parameters along time, which has negative impacts on accuracy. The function-on-function linear model in functional data analysis (a branch of statistics) is insufficient to capture complex correlations among the considered time series and suffer from underfitting easily. In this paper, we propose a general functional mapping that embraces the function-on-function linear model as a special case. We then propose a non-linear function-on-function model using the fully connected neural network to learn the mapping from data, which addresses the aforementioned concerns in the existing approaches. For the proposed model, we describe in detail the corresponding numerical implementation procedures. The effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated through the application to two real-world problems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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