Context. High-resolution spectroscopy in the near-infrared (NIR) is a powerful tool for characterising the physical and chemical properties of cool-star atmospheres. The current generation of NIR echelle spectrographs enables the sampling of many spectral features over the full 0.9-2.4 μm range for a detailed chemical tagging. Aims. Within the Stellar Population Astrophysics Large Program at the TNG, we used a high-resolution (R=50000) NIR spectrum of Arcturus acquired with the GIANO-B echelle spectrograph as a laboratory to define and calibrate an optimal line list and new diagnostic tools to derive accurate stellar parameters and chemical abundances. Methods. We inspected several hundred NIR atomic and molecular lines to derive abundances of 26 different chemical species, including CNO, iron-group, alpha, Z-odd, and neutron-capture elements. We then performed a similar analysis in the optical using Arcturus VLT-UVES spectra. Results. Through the combined NIR and optical analysis we defined a new thermometer and a new gravitometer for giant stars, based on the comparison of carbon (for the thermometer) and oxygen (for the gravitometer) abundances, as derived from atomic and molecular lines. We then derived self-consistent stellar parameters and chemical abundances of Arcturus over the full 4800 - 24500 Å spectral range and compared them with previous studies in the literature. We finally discuss a number of problematic lines that may be affected by deviations from thermal equilibrium and/or chromospheric activity, as traced by the observed variability of He I at 10830 Å.
Stellar population astrophysics (SPA) with the TNG. Abundance analysis of nearby red giants and red clump stars: combining high resolution spectroscopy and asteroseismology
Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) with the TNG. CNO abundances in 28 open clusters
Vilnius University（维尔纽斯大学）；INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio（意大利国家天体物理研究所-空间科学与天文观测台）；University of Rome Tor Vergata（罗马托尔维加塔大学）；INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma（意大利国家天体物理研究所-罗马天文台）；INAF - Ossevatorio Astronomico di Padova（意大利国家天体物理研究所-帕多瓦天文台）
Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) with the TNG. Beyond the iron peak: Galactic evolution of molybdenum, ruthenium and zirconium through open clusters
University of Rome Tor Vergata（罗马托尔维加塔大学）；INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma（罗马天文台意大利国家天体物理研究所）；Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange（蔚蓝海岸大学、蔚蓝海岸天文台、法国国家科学研究中心、拉格朗日实验室）；The University of Texas, Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）；Saint Mary’s University（圣玛丽大学）；INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna（博洛尼亚空间天体物理学和科学研究所意大利国家天体物理研究所）；Astronomical Observatory, Odesa National University（敖德萨国立大学天文台）；Malmö University（马尔默大学）；Nordic Optical Telescope（北欧光学望远镜）
The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG. VII. Putting exoplanets in the stellar context: magnetic activity and asteroseismology of $τ$ Bootis A
目的。我们用HARPS-N摄谱仪观测了$τ$ Boo系统，以测试一种新的观测策略，旨在联合研究星震学、行星轨道和恒星-行星磁相互作用。方法.我们几乎连续收集了11个晚上的高步频观测数据，并使用专用软件对每个晚上的原始FITS文件进行平均。这样，我们获得了光谱与高信噪比，用于研究的变化的CaII H&K线，并有径向速度值从恒星振荡，而不会丢失的振荡信息。我们开发了一个专用软件来构建一个新的自定义掩模，我们使用该掩模来改进HARPS-N管道的径向速度测定并执行光谱分析。结果我们更新了行星星历表，并显示了恒星双星伴星引起的加速度。我们对恒星活动变化的研究结果表明，在我们的观测时间跨度内存在高纬度谱斑。色球活动与行星轨道相位之间的相关性仍然不清楚。在径向速度时间序列中检测到类似太阳的振荡：我们估计了星震量，发现它们与理论预测吻合得很好。我们的恒星模型产生的年龄$τ$陀螺的$τ$布和进一步约束的恒星质量值为$1.38\pm0.05$ M $_\odot$。
The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG XVII. Line profile indicators and kernel regression as diagnostics of radial-velocity variations due to stellar activity in solar-like stars
The GAPS Programme at the TNG: LXX. TOI-5734b: A hot sub-Neptune orbiting a relatively young K dwarf with an Earth-like density
INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma（意大利国家天体物理研究所罗马天文台）；Università di Roma Tor Vergata（罗马托尔维加塔大学）；Sapienza Università di Roma（罗马智慧大学）；Max Planck Institute for Astronomy（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）；Sofia University "St Kliment Ohridski"（索非亚大学）；Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universtät Heidelberg（海德堡大学州立天文台天文学中心）；INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino（意大利国家天体物理研究所都灵天文台）；ESO - European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo（意大利国家天体物理研究所巴勒莫天文台）
