Lucky光谱，Lucky成像的等效技术：II。用威廉赫歇尔望远镜对19个近距离大质量双星进行空间分辨的中分辨率蓝紫光谱学
Lucky spectroscopy, an equivalent technique to Lucky Imaging: II. Spatially-resolved intermediate-resolution blue-violet spectroscopy of 19 close massive binaries using the William Herschel Telescope
摘要：
上下文许多大质量恒星附近都有伴星，伴星的存在妨碍了光谱学对它们的表征。目标。我们希望继续获得空间分辨光谱的近距离大质量的视觉二进制文件，以获得他们的光谱类型。方法.我们用幸运光谱学获得了19个近距离可见双星在良好视宁度条件下的许多短长缝光谱曝光。我们选择那些具有最佳特性的，使用多轮廓拟合提取光谱，并将结果组合以获得空间分离的光谱。结合幸运成像、常规中分辨率单阶光谱和埃歇尔高分辨率光谱的数据对结果进行了分析。结果幸运光谱学的新应用使我们能够首次在空间上解开两颗O星的纠缠（FN CMa B和6 Cas B）与更亮的BA超巨星伴星; [b]确定两颗B星（α Sco B和HD 164492 B）与更接近和更大质量的同伴是快速旋转;[c]将该技术扩展到具有极端星等差、较短间隔和较暗的原始星等的情况，直到B=11;[d]在空间上解开恒星光谱的纠缠，其伴星的多样性包括A超巨星（6 Cas A），WR星（WR 157）和M超巨星（alpha Sco A）; [e]发现一些目标的意外身份，例如两颗以前未知的明亮O星（HD 51756 B及BD +60544）及罕见的业主立案法团类别的新成员（HD 8768 A）;[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]线性光谱二进制和另外七个系统检测光谱二进制的迹象，使用高光谱分辨率光谱。我们还提出了一个确定的限制的技术。[删节]
英文摘要：
CONTEXT. Many massive stars have nearby companions whose presence hamper their characterization through spectroscopy. AIMS. We want to continue obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy of close massive visual binaries to derive their spectral types. METHODS. We have used lucky spectroscopy to obtain many short long-slit spectroscopic exposures of 19 close visual binaries under good seeing conditions. We selected those with the best characteristics, extracted the spectra using multiple-profile fitting, and combined the results to derive spatially separated spectra. The results are analyzed in combination with data from lucky imaging, regular intermediate-resolution single-order spectroscopy, and échelle high-resolution spectroscopy. RESULTS. The new application of lucky spectroscopy has allowed us to [a] spatially disentangle for the first time two O stars (FN CMa B and 6 Cas B) with brighter BA supergiant companions; [b] determine that two B stars (alpha Sco B and HD 164492 B) with close and more massive companions are fast rotators; [c] extend the technique to cases with extreme magnitude differences, shorter separations, and fainter primary magnitudes down to B=11; [d] spatially disentangle the spectra of stars with companions as diverse as an A supergiant (6 Cas A), a WR star (WR 157), and an M supergiant (alpha Sco A); [e] discover the unexpected identity of some targets such as two previously unknown bright O stars (HD 51756 B and BD +60 544) and a new member of the rare OC category (HD 8768 A); and [f] identify and classify which of the components of four visual binaries is a double-lined spectroscopic binary and for another seven systems detect signs of spectroscopic binarity using high-spectral-resolution spectroscopy. We also present a determination of the limits of the technique. [ABRIDGED]
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