arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2011.12133eess.AS
收藏

基于语义嵌入的Zero-Shot音频分类

Zero-Shot Audio Classification via Semantic Embeddings

Huang Xie, Tuomas Virtanen

摘要:

本文通过从文本标签和声音类的句子描述中提取语义嵌入,研究了音频分类中的zero-shot学习。我们的目标是获得一个分类器,能够识别没有可用的训练样本,但只有语义侧信息的声音类的音频实例。我们采用双线性兼容性框架来学习音频实例和声音类的中间级表示之间的声学语义投影,即,声学嵌入和语义嵌入。我们使用VGGish从音频片段中提取深度声学嵌入,并使用预训练的语言模型(Word 2 Vec,GloVe,BERT)从文本标签中生成标签嵌入或从声音类的句子描述中生成句子嵌入。音频分类由线性兼容性函数执行,该线性兼容性函数测量声学嵌入和语义嵌入的兼容程度。我们评估所提出的方法上的一个小的平衡数据集ESC-50和一个大规模的不平衡的音频子集的AudioSet。实验结果表明,分类性能显着提高,涉及声音类,语义接近的测试类在训练中。同时,我们证明了标签嵌入和句子嵌入对于zero-shot学习都是有用的。分类性能通过连接不同语言模型生成的标签/句子嵌入来提高。通过它们的混合级联,结果得到进一步改善。

英文摘要:

In this paper, we study zero-shot learning in audio classification via semantic embeddings extracted from textual labels and sentence descriptions of sound classes. Our goal is to obtain a classifier that is capable of recognizing audio instances of sound classes that have no available training samples, but only semantic side information. We employ a bilinear compatibility framework to learn an acoustic-semantic projection between intermediate-level representations of audio instances and sound classes, i.e., acoustic embeddings and semantic embeddings. We use VGGish to extract deep acoustic embeddings from audio clips, and pre-trained language models (Word2Vec, GloVe, BERT) to generate either label embeddings from textual labels or sentence embeddings from sentence descriptions of sound classes. Audio classification is performed by a linear compatibility function that measures how compatible an acoustic embedding and a semantic embedding are. We evaluate the proposed method on a small balanced dataset ESC-50 and a large-scale unbalanced audio subset of AudioSet. The experimental results show that classification performance is significantly improved by involving sound classes that are semantically close to the test classes in training. Meanwhile, we demonstrate that both label embeddings and sentence embeddings are useful for zero-shot learning. Classification performance is improved by concatenating label/sentence embeddings generated with different language models. With their hybrid concatenations, the results are improved further.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑