具有MUSE和ALMA的ULIRG的物理学：PUMA项目I。调查和第一批MUSE数据结果的属性
Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA: The PUMA project I. Properties of the survey and first MUSE data results
摘要：
超亮红外星系（ULIRGs）具有极端的星暴（SB）和活动星系核（AGN）活动，因此是研究外流现象的理想实验室。我们最近开始了一个名为“Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA”的项目，这是一个用积分场摄谱仪MUSE和干涉仪ALMA观测到的25个附近（z < 0.165）ULIRGs的调查。该样本包括在主要合并的前和后合并阶段具有活动星系核和SB核活动的系统。该项目的主要目标是研究多相外流作为星系属性的函数的普遍性，以限制外流的驱动机制（例如区分SB和AGN风），并确定对宿主星系的反馈效应。在这第一篇论文中，我们详细介绍了样本选择，MUSE观测，并获得第一个数据产品。对MUSE数据进行了分析，以研究迄今为止观测到的21个ULIRG中每一个的动力学状况，同时考虑到从MUSE窄带图像推断的恒星运动学和形态特性。我们还找到了ULIRG核，使用近红外（HST）和毫米（ALMA）的数据，并研究了它们的光谱推断电离状态，通过BPT诊断，和流出的电离和中性气体。我们发现，形态和恒星运动学的分类是一致的：后合并系统更有可能与有序的运动，而相互作用（二进制）系统的无序和流运动为主。我们还发现广泛的和不对称的[OIII]和NaID配置文件在几乎所有的核光谱，线宽在300-2000公里/秒的范围内，可能与活动星系核和SB驱动的风。这一结果加强了以前的研究结果表明，外流是无处不在的前和后合并阶段的主要合并。
英文摘要：
Ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) are characterised by extreme starburst (SB) and AGN activity, and are therefore ideal laboratories for studying the outflow phenomena. We have recently started a project called Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA (PUMA), which is a survey of 25 nearby (z < 0.165) ULIRGs observed with the integral field spectrograph MUSE and the interferometer ALMA. This sample includes systems with both AGN and SB nuclear activity in the pre- and post-coalescence phases of major mergers. The main goals of the project are to study the prevalence of multi-phase outflows as a function of the galaxy properties, to constrain the driving mechanisms of the outflows (e.g. distinguish between SB and AGN winds), and to identify feedback effects on the host galaxy. In this first paper, we present details on the sample selection, MUSE observations, and derive first data products. MUSE data were analysed to study the dynamical status of each of the 21 ULIRGs observed so far, taking the stellar kinematics and the morphological properties inferred from MUSE narrow-band images into account. We also located the ULIRG nuclei, using near-IR (HST) and mm (ALMA) data, and studied their optical spectra to infer the ionisation state through BPT diagnostics, and outflows in both ionised and neutral gas. We show that the morphological and stellar kinematic classifications are consistent: post-coalescence systems are more likely associated with ordered motions, while interacting (binary) systems are dominated by non-ordered and streaming motions. We also find broad and asymmetric [OIII] and NaID profiles in almost all nuclear spectra, with line widths in the range 300-2000 km/s, possibly associated with AGN- and SB-driven winds. This result reinforces previous findings that indicated that outflows are ubiquitous during the pre- and post-coalescence phases of major mergers.
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