备件供应链中的增材制造设计方法
Design Approach for Additive Manufacturing in Spare Part Supply Chains
摘要：
在当前的工业革命中，增材制造（AM）体现了一种有前途的技术，可以提高供应链（SC）的有效性，适应性和竞争力。此外，它促进了分布式供应链的发展，从而提高了产品的可用性，库存水平和交货时间。然而，AM在工业SC中的广泛采用产生了各种挑战，导致SC设计的新困难。在此背景下，本文提出了一种新的设计方法，AM SC使用优化方法。更具体地说，所提出的方法，包括p-中位数和混合整数线性规划模型，考虑在通用备件供应链的特定位置部署生产资源（3D打印机）的决定。该方法在电梯维护服务提供商的真实用例中进行了评估。所获得的结果证明了所提出的设计方法在管理即将广泛使用3D打印机制造SC所带来的挑战方面的有前途的能力。
英文摘要：
In the current industrial revolution, additive manufacturing (AM) embodies a promising technology that can enhance the effectiveness, adaptability, and competitiveness of supply chains (SCs). Moreover, it facilitates the development of distributed SCs, thereby enhancing product availability, inventory levels, and lead time. However, the wide adoption of AM in industrial SCs creates various challenges, leading to new difficulties for SC design. In this context, this paper proposes a new design approach to AM SCs using optimization methods. More specifically, the proposed approach, comprising the p-median and mixed-integer linear programming models, considers the decision of deploying productive resources (3D printers) in specific locations of generic spare part SCs. The approach was evaluated in a real-world use case of an elevator maintenance service provider. The obtained results demonstrated the promising capabilities of the proposed design approach in managing the challenges arising from the forthcoming widespread use of 3D printers in manufacturing SCs.
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