带电分子杂质周围氦-4局域超固态性的表现
Manifestations of Local Supersolidity of $^{4}$He around a Charged Molecular Impurity
AI总结：
本文通过路径积分模拟发现，质子化甲烷阳离子周围的氦-4原子既呈现雪球状局域固态有序性，又表现出显著超流响应，从而证明带电分子可诱导并探测氦-4的局域超固态行为。
摘要：
在液氦中，阳离子周围通常会观察到一个被称为“雪球”的冻结固态氦核。本文利用路径积分模拟发现，在阳离子型分子杂质——质子化甲烷周围，氦-4原子确实像雪球一样被强烈局域化，但仍参与由杂质转动-振动运动引起的活跃玻色交换。这种固态有序性与第一氦壳层中显著超流响应的结合表明，氦-4的局域超固态行为表现可以由带电分子诱导，并可通过实验探测。
英文摘要：
A frozen, solid helium core, dubbed snowball, is typically observed around cations in liquid helium. Here we discover, using path integral simulations, that around a cationic molecular impurity, protonated methane, the $^4$He atoms are indeed strongly localized akin to snowballs but still participate in vivid bosonic exchange induced by the ro-vibrational motion of the impurity. Such combination of solid-like order with pronounced superfluid response in the first helium shell indicates that manifestations of local supersolid behavior of $^4$He can be induced -- and probed experimentally -- by charged molecules.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
