Troitsk核质量实验中磁阱的电子蒸发
Electron evaporation from magnetic trap in Troitsk nu-mass experiment
摘要：
本文致力于模拟在Troitsk核质量实验中观察到的所谓的陷阱效应。这种效应是由于衰变电子在无窗口气态氚源中的磁俘获和这些电子的逐渐蒸发造成的。因此，除了常规的氚β谱电子外，我们还看到了额外的电子，它们最初被捕获在源中，并以改变的能量逃离它。蒸发电子的光谱非常特殊（单色初始电子几乎是平坦的），在实验中无法直接测量。所以我们必须依靠模拟。此外，在其他磁阱的情况下也可能观察到相同的效果。
英文摘要：
This paper is dedicated to the simulation of the so-called trapping-effect observed in the Troitsk nu-mass experiment. The effect is caused by the magnetic trapping of decay electrons in the windowless gaseous tritium source and the gradual evaporation of those electrons. As a result, alongside regular tritium beta-spectrum electrons, we see additional electrons that are initially trapped in the source and escape it with changed energy. The spectrum of evaporated electrons is quite peculiar (almost flat for monochromatic initial electrons) and could not be directly measured in the experiment. So one has to rely on simulations. Also, it is possible that the same effect could be observed in other cases of magnetic traps.
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