用于低浓度快速氢气检测的金属-聚合物混合化学电阻传感器
Metal-polymer hybrid chemiresistive sensor for low concentration fast hydrogen detection
摘要：
低浓度氢气检测在空间应用以及医疗应用中都是至关重要的。这对于安全处理爆炸极限以下的氢气也至关重要。在这里，我们报告了一种新的混合Pd金属聚合物化学电阻传感器，可以感测0.5%的氢气（$H_2$）的气体在环境条件下的温度和压力的最高报告的灵敏度（$\sim$ 30%）较早获得的物理沉积技术，使其成为一个非常好的传感器，为现实生活中的低浓度氢气检测。该传感器易于制造，对于商业应用来说也非常具有成本效益。所获得的混合化学电阻传感器包括由稳定剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）的氧原子和氮原子结合的钯（Pd）纳米晶体，其生长在自组装单层的顶部上。该异常的上升时间常数被认为是由于氢在钯的（111）表面的加载（这是一个非常快的过程）和随后的H原子从表面快速扩散到体中引起的。通过UV-臭氧清洁来增加可用位点的数量的努力导致了由于氧气对可用位点的毒害而导致的感测装置的劣化。
英文摘要：
Low concentration hydrogen gas detection is of paramount importance both in space applications as well as medical applications. It is also critically important for safe handling of hydrogen below the explosive limit. Here, we report a novel hybrid Pd metal-polymer chemiresistive sensor that can sense 0.5% hydrogen ($H_2$) gas in ambient conditions of temperature and pressure with the highest reported sensitivity($\sim$30%) obtained earlier by a physical deposition technique, making it an extremely good sensor for real life low concentration hydrogen gas detection. The sensor is easy to fabricate and is also extremely cost-effective for commercial applications. The obtained hybrid chemiresistive sensor comprises palladium (Pd) nanocrystals bound by oxygen and nitrogen atoms of a stabilizer Polyvinylepyrollidone (PVP), grown on top of a selfassembled monolayer. The exceptional rise time-constant is proposed to arise from hydrogen loading at the (111) surface of the palladium nanocrystal which is a very fast process and subsequent fast diffusion of the H atoms from the surface into the bulk. An effort to increase the number of available sites by UV-ozone cleaning, resulted in a degradation of the sensing device due to the poisoning of the available sites by oxygen.
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