基于超临界性的夏至哈德莱环流上升支边缘理论
Solsticial Hadley Cell ascending edge theory from supercriticality
AI总结：
本文提出基于超临界强迫范围的解析理论，推导出哈德莱环流上升支边缘纬度随热罗斯贝数的三分之一次方幂律标度，并用不同行星旋转率下的干湿理想化GCM模拟验证了该理论。
摘要：
哈德莱环流上升支向夏半球延伸多远，是地球气候的一个基本但尚未被完全理解的特征。本文基于超临界强迫的范围，提出了一个关于该上升支边缘纬度的预测性解析理论。超临界性根据假设环流不存在时该假想状态的角动量和绝对涡度分布，设定大尺度环流的最小范围。我们显式地模拟了这一逐纬度的辐射-对流平衡（RCE）状态。其深度平均温度廓线可由一个简单的解析近似很好地捕捉，该近似从冬极到夏极随$\sinφ$线性增加，其中$φ$为纬度。这进而给出了超临界强迫范围随热罗斯贝数变化的三分之一次方幂律标度关系。在夏至强迫下、以较宽范围的行星旋转率进行的湿和干理想化GCM模拟中，上升支边缘纬度在很大程度上遵循这一标度关系。
英文摘要：
How far the Hadley circulation's ascending branch extends into the summer hemisphere is a fundamental but incompletely understood characteristic of Earth's climate. Here, we present a predictive, analytical theory for this ascending edge latitude based on the extent of supercritical forcing. Supercriticality sets the minimum extent of a large-scale circulation based on the angular momentum and absolute vorticity distributions of the hypothetical state were the circulation absent. We explicitly simulate this latitude-by-latitude radiative-convective equilibrium (RCE) state. Its depth-averaged temperature profile is suitably captured by a simple analytical approximation that increases linearly with $\sinφ$, where $φ$ is latitude, from the winter to the summer pole. This, in turn, yields a one-third power-law scaling of the supercritical forcing extent with the thermal Rossby number. In moist and dry idealized GCM simulations under solsticial forcing performed with a wide range of planetary rotation rates, the ascending edge latitudes largely behave according to this scaling.
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