热光二阶干涉中涌现的距离传感
Distance sensing emerging from second-order interference of thermal light
AI总结：
本文提出基于热光二阶干涉测量的距离传感技术，通过测量双探测器强度涨落相关性估计距离，可在无一阶相干或湍流环境下工作，并揭示二阶干涉涌现的新关键参数。
摘要：
我们介绍并描述了一种基于热光二阶干涉测量的距离传感技术。该方法基于测量两个探测器上强度涨落之间的相关性，能够估计远程掩模与光源及探测器之间的距离，即使这些信息无法通过一阶强度测量获得。我们展示了在不同实验场景下，该技术对这类距离的灵敏度如何与所测干涉图案的相关程度密切相关，且与光的频谱特性无关。值得注意的是，该协议还可用于在存在湍流的情况下测量远程反射物体的距离。我们证明了新的关键参数的出现，这些参数用于衡量二阶相关的程度，描述了一种反直觉的现象：不仅在两个探测器均缺乏（一阶）相干性时会出现空间二阶干涉，而且当其中一个探测器观测到一阶干涉时，空间二阶干涉也会涌现。
英文摘要：
We introduce and describe a technique for distance sensing, based on second-order interferometry of thermal light. The method is based on measuring correlation between intensity fluctuations on two detectors, and provides estimates of the distances separating a remote mask from the source and the detector, even when such information cannot be retrieved by first-order intensity measurements. We show how the sensitivity to such distances is intimately connected to the degree of correlation of the measured interference pattern in different experimental scenarios and independently of the spectral properties of light. Remarkably, this protocol can be also used to measure the distance of remote reflective objects in the presence of turbulence. We demonstrate the emergence of new critical parameters which benchmark the degree of second-order correlation, describing the counterintuitive emergence of spatial second-order interference not only in the absence of (first-order) coherence at both detectors but also when first order interference is observed at one of the two detectors.
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