用400个GeV/c质子产生超密对束
Generating ultra-dense pair beams using 400 GeV/c protons
摘要：
一个以前未探索的实验方案，用于产生低发散，超密度，相对论，电子-正电子束使用400 GeV/c的质子可在设施，如HiRadMat和AWAKE在欧洲核子研究中心。初步的Monte-Carlo和Particle-in-cell模拟表明，产生包含足够高密度的$10^{13}-10^{14}$电子-正电子对的光束的可能性，以驱动无碰撞的光束-等离子体不稳定性，这有望在磁场产生和相对论天体物理现象的相关辐射特征中发挥重要作用。这对光束是准中性的，在所有维度上的尺寸都超过了几个趋肤深度，这是第一次允许检查横向和纵向不稳定模式之间的竞争对磁场增长的影响。此外，所提出的计划允许的可能性，控制相对密度的强子电子-正电子对的光束，使之有可能探索不同的天体物理环境的参数空间。
英文摘要：
A previously unexplored experimental scheme is presented for generating low-divergence, ultra-dense, relativistic, electron-positron beams using 400 GeV/c protons available at facilities such as HiRadMat and AWAKE at CERN. Preliminary Monte-Carlo and Particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate the possibility of generating beams containing $10^{13}-10^{14}$ electron-positron pairs at sufficiently high densities to drive collisionless beam-plasma instabilities, which are expected to play an important role in magnetic field generation and the related radiation signatures of relativistic astrophysical phenomena. The pair beams are quasi-neutral, with size exceeding several skin-depths in all dimensions, allowing for the first time the examination of the effect of competition between transverse and longitudinal instability modes on the growth of magnetic fields. Furthermore, the presented scheme allows for the possibility of controlling the relative density of hadrons to electron-positron pairs in the beam, making it possible to explore the parameter spaces for different astrophysical environments.
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