A systematic procedure to synthesize interval observers for nonlinear discrete-time systems is proposed. The feedback gains and other matrices are found from the solutions to semidefinite feasibility programs. Two cases are considered: (1) the interval observer is in the same coordinate frame as the given system, and (2) the interval observer uses a coordinate transformation. The conditions where coordinate transformations are necessary are detailed. Numerical examples are provided to showcase the effectiveness of the interval observers and demonstrate their application to sampled-data systems.
Interval Observer Design Using Observability Decomposition for Detectable Linear Systems
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校);Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM)(国立工艺学院);Harbin Institute of Technology(哈尔滨工业大学)
This paper proposes a simple interval observer which can generate tighter interval estimates of variables in transient states than the standard interval observer. The simple nonlinear dynamics shrinks the estimated intervals to true state variables at the maximum velocity in the absence of disturbances. In the presence of bounded disturbances, ultimate bounded of the interval estimates are given under the standard assumption for interval observer design.
This work considers the problem of calculating an interval-valued state estimate for a nonlinear system subject to bounded inputs and measurement errors. Such state estimators are often called interval observers. Interval observers can be constructed using methods from reachability theory. Recent advances in the construction of interval enclosures of reachable sets for nonlinear systems inspire the present work. These advances can incorporate constraints on the states to produce tighter interval enclosures. When applied to the state estimation problem, bounded-error measurements may be used as…
In this paper, we consider the problem of state-estimation in the presence of Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack. We formulate this problem as an state estimation problem for a plant with switching measured outputs. In the absence of attack, the state-estimator has access to all measured outputs, however, in the presence of attack, only a subset of all measurements are made available to the state-estimator. We seek to find an state-estimator that results in the minimum estimation error for the worst-case attack strategy. First, we parameterize the set of all state-estimators that result in stable …
The issue of state estimation is considered for an SIR-SI epidemiological model describing a vector-borne disease such as dengue fever, subject to seasonal variations. Assuming continuous measurement of the incidence rate (that is the number of new infectives in the host population per unit time), a class of interval observers with estimate-dependent gain is constructed, and asymptotic error bounds are provided. The synthesis method is based on the search for a common linear Lyapunov function for monotone systems that represent the evolution of the estimation errors.
In this technical note, we generalize the well-known Lyapunov-based stabilizability and detectability tests for linear time-invariant (LTI) systems to the context of discrete-time (DT) polytopic linear parameter-varying (LPV) systems. To do so, we exploit the mathematical structure of the class of poly-quadratic Lyapunov functions, which enables us to formulate conditions in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Our results differ from existing conditions in that we adopt weaker assumptions on the parameter dependence of the controllers/observers and our method does not require explic…
We prove that, for low-order (n < 5) stable polynomial segments or interval polynomials, there always exists a fixed polynomial such that their ratio is SPR-invariant, thereby providing a rigorous proof of Anderson's claim on SPR synthesis for the fourth-order stable interval polynomials. Moreover, the relationship between SPR synthesis for low-order polynomial segments and SPR synthesis for low-order interval polynomials is also discussed.
Numerous state-feedback and observer designs for nonlinear dynamic systems (NDS) have been developed in the past three decades. These designs assume that NDS nonlinearities satisfy one of the following function set classifications: bounded Jacobian, Lipschitz continuity, one-sided Lipschitz, quadratic inner-boundedness, and quadratic boundedness. These function sets are characterized by constant scalars or matrices bounding the NDS' nonlinearities. These constants (i) depend on the NDS' operating region, topology, and parameters, and (ii) are utilized to synthesize observer/controller gains. U…
This paper considers the design of robust state observers for a class of slope-restricted nonlinear descriptor systems with unknown time-varying parameters belonging to a known set. The proposed design accounts for process disturbances and measurement noise, while allowing for a trade-off between transient performance and sensitivity to noise and parameter mismatch. We exploit a polytopic structure of the system to derive linear-matrix-inequality-based synthesis conditions for robust parameter-dependent observers for the entire parameter set. In addition, we present (alternative) necessary and…
We propose an iterative method for joint state and parameter estimation using measurements on a time interval [0,T] for systems that are backward output stabilizable. Since this time interval is fixed, errors in initial state may have a big impact on the parameter estimate. We propose to use the back and forth nudging (BFN) method for estimating the system's initial state and a Gauss--Newton step between BFN iterations for estimating the system parameters. Taking advantage of results on the optimality of the BFN method, we show that for systems with skew-adjoint generators, the initial state a…
Rational observers are to be constructed for rational systems while polynomial observers are to be constructed for polynomial systems. An observer synthesis procedure is formulated. First an output-based rational realization is synthesized for the considered rational system. Then a perturbation technique creates an observer. Finite algebraic observability of the rational system impies the existence of a output-based rational realization. Several examples of rational observers are provided including a polynomial system of which the state-space dimension of the polynomial observer is strictly hi…
In this paper, we consider a wave equation on a bounded interval where the initial conditions are known (are zero) and we are rather interested in identifying an unknown source term $q(x)$ thanks to the measurement output $y$ which is the Neumann derivative on one of the boundaries. We use a back-and-forth iterative procedure and construct well-chosen observers which allow to retrieve $q$ from $y$ in the minimal observation time.
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