BaSO4纳米颗粒薄膜和涂料中显著的日间亚环境辐射冷却
Remarkable Daytime Sub-ambient Radiative Cooling in BaSO4 Nanoparticle Films and Paints
摘要：
辐射供冷是一种被动供冷技术，在降低空间供冷成本、对抗城市孤岛效应、缓解全球气候变暖等方面具有重要的应用前景。为了实现被动式日间辐射冷却，当前最先进的解决方案通常利用复杂的多层结构或反射金属层，限制了它们在许多领域中的应用。已经尝试用单层涂料实现被动式日间辐射冷却，但它们通常需要厚涂层或显示部分日间冷却。在这项工作中，我们通过实验证明了BaSO 4纳米粒子薄膜和BaSO 4纳米复合涂料的显着的全白天亚环境冷却性能。BaSO 4具有高电子带隙，用于低太阳能吸收率，并且具有9 μ m的声子共振，用于高天窗发射率。BaSO 4纳米粒子薄膜具有合适的粒径和较宽的粒径分布，达到了97.6%的超高太阳反射率和0.96的高天窗发射率。在现场测试中，BaSO 4薄膜保持在低于环境温度4.5 ℃以上，或达到117 W/m2的平均冷却功率。BaSO 4-丙烯酸涂料的体积浓度为60%，以提高户外应用的可靠性，达到98.1%的太阳反射率和0.95的天窗发射率。现场测试表明类似的冷却性能的硫酸钡薄膜。总体而言，我们的BaSO 4-丙烯酸油漆的标准品质因数为0.77，是辐射冷却解决方案中最高的之一，同时提供了极高的可靠性、方便的油漆形式、易用性以及与商业油漆制造工艺的兼容性。
英文摘要：
Radiative cooling is a passive cooling technology that offers great promises to reduce space cooling cost, combat the urban island effect and alleviate the global warming. To achieve passive daytime radiative cooling, current state-of-the-art solutions often utilize complicated multilayer structures or a reflective metal layer, limiting their applications in many fields. Attempts have been made to achieve passive daytime radiative cooling with single-layer paints, but they often require a thick coating or show partial daytime cooling. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate remarkable full daytime sub-ambient cooling performance with both BaSO4 nanoparticle films and BaSO4 nanocomposite paints. BaSO4 has a high electron bandgap for low solar absorptance and phonon resonance at 9 um for high sky window emissivity. With an appropriate particle size and a broad particle size distribution, BaSO4 nanoparticle film reaches an ultra-high solar reflectance of 97.6% and high sky window emissivity of 0.96. During field tests, BaSO4 film stays more than 4.5C below ambient temperature or achieves average cooling power of 117 W/m2. BaSO4-acrylic paint is developed with 60% volume concentration to enhance the reliability in outdoor applications, achieving solar reflectance of 98.1% and sky window emissivity of 0.95. Field tests indicate similar cooling performance to the BaSO4 films. Overall, our BaSO4-acrylic paint shows standard figure of merit of 0.77 which is among the highest of radiative cooling solutions, while providing great reliability, the convenient paint form, ease of use and the compatibility with commercial paint fabrication process.
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