SU（N）费米子的持续电流
Persistent Current of SU(N) Fermions
摘要：
本文研究了在环形势场中具有排斥相互作用的SU（$N$）费米子系统中的持续电流，该系统被有效磁通量穿透。通过应用Bethe模型和数值分析相结合，我们证明，作为自旋关联，相互作用和应用通量的综合效应，一个特定的现象可以发生在系统中：自旋创建在基态。结果，持续电流中的特殊特征出现了。固定持续电流周期性的基本通量量子被观察到从单个粒子演化到分数通量量子的极端情况，其中一个量子被所有粒子共享。我们证明了持续电流以特定的方式依赖于自旋分量$N$的数目、粒子的数目和相互作用，在某些物理机制中具有普适性特征。在整数填充分数，持续电流被抑制的Mott光谱间隙的排斥相互作用的阈值以上。尽管其介观性质，电流显示出明确的有限尺寸标度行为。特定的平价效应在持续的当前景观中保持不变。
英文摘要：
We study the persistent current in a system of SU($N$) fermions with repulsive interaction confined in a ring-shaped potential and pierced by an effective magnetic flux. By applying a combination of Bethe ansatz and numerical analysis, we demonstrate that, as a combined effect of spin correlations, interactions and applied flux a specific phenomenon can occur in the system: spinon creation in the ground state. As a consequence, peculiar features in the persistent current arise. The elementary flux quantum, which fixes the persistent current periodicity, is observed to evolve from a single particle one to an extreme case of fractional flux quantum, in which one quantum is shared by all the particles. We show that the persistent current depends on the number of spin components $N$, number of particles and interaction in a specific way that in certain physical regimes has universality traits. At integer filling fractions, the persistent current is suppressed above a threshold of the repulsive interaction by the Mott spectral gap. Despite its mesoscopic nature, the current displays a clear finite size scaling behavior. Specific parity effects in the persistent current landscape hold.
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