健康成年人恐惧学习和消退后大规模记忆神经网络的暂时变化
Temporary changes in large-scale memory neural networks after fear learning and extinction in healthy adults
摘要：
对恐惧条件训练相关脑区功能连接的分析是记忆神经网络的研究方法之一。在此之前，大多数研究都集中在恐惧条件反射形成后的静息状态下，杏仁核和腹内侧前额叶皮层等已知的情绪处理脑区的功能连接。在本研究中，作者应用图论的方法来寻找在静息状态下的大脑水平上的功能连接的变化，在一个星期的动力学后，条件反射与部分强化灭绝。在左侧海马旁区的功能连接中观察到最显著的变化。特别是，左侧海马旁回的吻侧部分成为一个新的子网络的中心，该子网络与左侧海马的吻侧部分连接在所有的会话中，并在条件反射消失后，左侧杏仁核的外侧部分在条件反射消失后和消失后一天。条件反射消失一周后，左侧海马旁回的吻侧部分与额中回的区域也有更多的联系，与基线静息状态的参数相比。此外，这些变化保持在一个条件反射的时刻灭绝的一个星期内，这可以解释为选择的范例的条件反射与部分强化，导致更慢的灭绝比一个范例与完全加强。
英文摘要：
The analysis of the functional connectivity of brain sections associated with fear-conditioned training is one of the methods of study of memory neural networks. Before, the majority of studies focused on the functional connectivity of the brain regions that are known for emotional processing such as amygdala and areas of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the resting state right after the formation of a fear-conditioned reflex. In the present study authors applied the methods of the theory of graphs to search for changes in the functional connectivity at the level of the brain in the resting state in a week dynamics after the extinction of a conditioned reflex with partial reinforcement. The most significant changes were observed in the functional connectivity of the left parahippocampal area. In particular, the rostral part of the left parahippocampal gyrus became the center of a new subnetwork connected with the rostral part of the left hippocampus in all the sessions and after the extinction of a conditioned reflex and the lateral part of the left amygdala right after the extinction and a day after the extinction of a conditioned reflex. A week after the extinction of a conditioned reflex, the rostral part of the left parahippocampal gyrus also had more connections with the areas of the middle frontal gyrus in comparison with the parameters of the baseline resting state to the stimulus. Besides, these changes remained within one week from the moment of the extinction of a conditioned reflex, which could be explained by the chosen paradigm of conditioned reflex with partial reinforcement that led to a slower extinction than a paradigm with full reinforcement.
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