漂浮液滴被细弹性丝润湿与包裹的研究
Wetting and wrapping of a floating droplet by a thin elastic filament
AI总结：
本文以漂浮细弹性丝与不混溶液滴构成的准二维体系为对象，通过接触角测量和几何理论分析，揭示其润湿、力学平衡及无缝包裹机制。
摘要：
我们研究了漂浮在流体表面的细弹性丝被另一种不混溶液体液滴润湿的现象。该准二维实验系统是弹性片对液滴润湿与包裹的低维对应体系。凭借系统的简洁性，我们通过测量接触角随丝弹性、外加张力及液滴曲率的变化，研究液滴部分润湿与包裹的现象学。研究发现，纯几何理论能够很好地描述系统的力学平衡。对外加张力与丝内张力的估计符合弹性形式的 Young–Laplace–Dupré 关系。然而，接触线附近的曲率无法由几何理论刻画，这可能源于接触线处的三维效应。我们还发现，当高度可弯曲的丝完全包裹液滴时，液滴–丝界面处的曲率具有连续性，从而形成在三维液滴中所观察到的无缝包裹。
英文摘要：
We study the wetting of a thin elastic filament floating on a fluid surface by a droplet of another, immiscible fluid. This quasi-2D experimental system is the lower-dimensional counterpart of the wetting and wrapping of a droplet by an elastic sheet. The simplicity of this system allows us to study the phenomenology of partial wetting and wrapping of the droplet by measuring angles of contact as a function of the elasticity of the filament, the applied tension and the curvature of the droplet. We find that a purely geometric theory gives a good description of the mechanical equilibria in the system. The estimates of applied tension and tension in the filament obey an elastic version of the Young-Laplace-Dupré relation. However, curvatures close to the contact line are not captured by the geometric theory, possibly because of 3D effects at the contact line. We also find that when a highly-bendable filament completely wraps the droplet, there is continuity of curvature at the droplet-filament interface, leading to seamless wrapping as observed in a 3D droplet.
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