热离子转换器中氩等离子体衰减的模拟
Simulations of Argon Plasma Decay in a Thermionic Converter
摘要：
采用粒子模拟方法研究了氩离子二极管间隙中氩等离子体的动力学行为。的时间平均二极管电流，作为电极之间的相对电位的函数，进行了研究，而等离子体密度耗尽，由于在电极表面上的重组。在1D和2D中进行模拟，并且在两种情况之间的等离子体衰减中观察到显著差异。具体而言，在2D中，人们发现，静电势随着等离子体的衰减而逐渐变化，而在1D中，等离子体中的波动导致大的电位波动，其相对于2D情况改变了等离子体的衰减特性。这在时间平均二极管电流中产生显著差异。此外，有人发现，最大的时间平均电流收集时，二极管电压被设置为平带条件，其中阴极和阳极真空偏压是相等的。这提出了一种新的技术，测量阴极和阳极之间的功函数的差异，在电子转换器。
英文摘要：
The dynamics of an argon plasma in the gap of a thermionic diode is investigated using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The time-averaged diode current, as a function of the relative electrical potential between the electrodes, is studied while the plasma density depletes due to recombination on the electrode surfaces. Simulations were performed in both 1D and 2D and significant differences were observed in the plasma decay between the two cases. Specifically, in 2D it was found that the electrostatic potential gradually changes as the plasma decays, while in 1D fluctuations in the plasma led to large potential fluctuations which changed the plasma decay characteristics relative to the 2D case. This creates significant differences in the time-averaged diode current. Furthermore, it was found that the maximum time-averaged current is collected when the diode voltage is set to the flat-band condition, where the cathode and anode vacuum biases are equal. This suggests a novel technique of measuring the difference in work functions between the cathode and anode in a thermionic converter.
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