SNR G0.9+0.1 is a well known source in the direction of the Galactic Center composed by a Supernova Remnant (SNR) and a Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN) in the core. We investigate the potential of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), simulating observations of SNR G0.9+0.1. We studied the spatial and spectral properties of this source and estimated the systematic errors of these measurements. The source will be resolved if the VHE emission region is bigger than $\sim0.65'$. It will also be possible to distinguish between different spectral models and calculate the cut-off energy. The systematic errors are dominated by the IRF instrumental uncertainties, especially at low energies. We computed the evolution of a young PWN inside a SNR using a one-zone time-dependent leptonic model. We applied the model to the simulated CTA data and found that it will be possible to accurately measure the cut-off energy of the $γ$-ray spectrum. Fitting of the multiwavelength spectrum will allow us to constrain also the magnetization of the PWN. Conversely, a pure power law spectrum would rule out this model. Finally, we checked the impact of the spectral shape and the energy density of the Inter-Stellar Radiation Fields (ISRFs) on the estimate of the parameters of the PWN, finding that they are not significantly affected.
Supernova Remnants (SNRs) are believed to be the acceleration sites of galactic cosmic rays. As such they are expected to produce Very High Energy (VHE) gamma-rays through hadronic and/or electromagnetic scenarios, hence they are natural targets for observations with ground-based Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). Currently, VHE emission has been detected from several SNRs, making them one of the most abundant types of established galactic VHE sources. The MAGIC telescope, located in the Canary island of La Palma, has been performing observations of several SNRs over the last tw…
The investigation of VHE gamma-ray sources by any methods, including mirror Cherenkov telescopes, touches on the problem of the cosmic ray origin and, accordingly, the role of the Galaxy in their generation. The SHALON observations have yielded the results on Galactic shell-type supernova remnants (SNR) on different evolution stages. Among them are: SNRs Tycho's SNR, Cas A, IC 443, $γ$Cygni SNR and classical nova GK Per (Nova 1901). For each of SNRs the observation results are presented with spectral energy distribution by SHALON in comparison with other experiment data and images by SHALON. T…
The Cherenkov Telescope Array is expected to lead to the detection of many new supernova remnants in the TeV and multi-TeV range. In addition to the individual study of each SNR, the study of these objects as a population can help constraining the parameters describing the acceleration of particles and increasing our understanding of the mechanisms involved. We present Monte Carlo simulations of the population of Galactic SNRs emitting TeV gamma rays. We also discuss how the simulated population can be confronted with future observations to provide a novel test for the SNR hypothesis of cosmic…
Since 2009, several rapid and bright flares have been observed at high energies (>100 MeV) from the direction of the Crab Nebula. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain this phenomenon, but the origin is still unclear. The detection of counterparts at higher energies with the next generation of Cherenkov telescopes will be determinant to constrain the underlying emission mechanisms. We aim at studying the capability of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to explore the physics behind the flares, by performing simulations of the Crab Nebula spectral energy distribution, both in fla…
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is planned to serve as a ground-based observatory for (very-)high-energy gamma-ray astronomy, open to a wide astrophysics community, providing a deep insight into the non-thermal high-energy universe. It foresees a factor of ~10 improvement in sensitivity above 100 GeV, with substantially better angular and spectral resolutions and wider field-of-view in comparison with currently operational experiments. The CTA consortium is investigating the different physics cases for different proposed array configurations and subsets. Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe), the mos…
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation instrument for the very high energy gamma-ray astrophysics domain. With its enhanced sensitivity in comparison with the current facilities, CTA is expected to shed light on a varied population of sources. In particular, we will achieve a deeper knowledge of the Crab nebula and pulsar, which are the best characterized pulsar wind nebula and rotation powered pulsar, respectively. We aim at studying the capabilities of CTA regarding these objects through simulations, using the main tools currently in development for the CTA future da…
We propose that cosmic-ray PeVatrons are pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) inside supernova remnants (SNRs). The PWN initially expands into the freely expanding stellar ejecta. Then, the PWN catches up with the shocked region of the SNR, where particles can be slightly accelerated by the back and forth motion between the PWN and the SNR, and some particles diffuse into the PWN. Afterwards the PWN is compressed by the SNR, where the particles in the PWN are accelerated by the adiabatic compression. Using a Monte Carlo simulation, we show that particles accelerated by the SNR to 0.1 PeV can be reaccele…
Young pulsars and the pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) or supernova remnants (SNRs) that surround them are some of the most dynamic and high-powered environments in our Universe. With the rise of more sensitive observations, the number of pulsar-SNR and PWN associations (hereafter, SNR/PWN) has increased, yet we do not understand to which extent this environment influences the pulsars' impulsive radio signals. We studied the dispersive contribution of SNRs and PWNe on Galactic pulsars, and considered their relevance to fast radio bursts (FRBs) such as FRB 121102. We investigated the dispersion measu…
In an effort to better understand the evolution of composite supernova remnants (SNRs) and the eventual fate of relativistic particles injected by their pulsars, we present a multifaceted investigation of the interaction between a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) and its host SNR G327.1-1.1. Our 350 ks Chandra X-ray observations of SNR G327.1-1.1 reveal a highly complex morphology; a cometary structure resembling a bow shock, prong-like features extending into large arcs in the SNR interior, and thermal emission from the SNR shell. Spectral analysis of the non-thermal emission offers clues about the o…
In the past few years, gamma-ray astronomy has entered a golden age thanks to two major breakthroughs: Cherenkov telescopes on the ground and the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi satellite. The sample of supernova remnants (SNRs) detected at gamma-ray energies is now much larger: it goes from evolved supernova remnants interacting with molecular clouds up to young shell-type supernova remnants and historical supernova remnants. Studies of SNRs are of great interest, as these analyses are directly linked to the long standing issue of the origin of the Galactic cosmic rays. In this c…
The development and construction of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) opens up new opportunities for the study of very high energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) sources. As a part of CTA, the ASTRI project, led by INAF, has one of the main goals to develop one of the mini-arrays of CTA pre-production telescopes, proposed to be installed at the CTA southern site. Thanks to the innovative dual-mirror optical design of its small-sized telescopes, the ASTRI mini-array will be characterized by a large field of view, an excellent angular resolutioerrorn and a good sensitivity up to energies of several tens of …
A large part of the Galactic sources emitting very high energy (VHE; > 10^{11} eV) gamma-rays are currently still unidentified. The evolution of Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe) plays a crucial role in interpreting these sources. The time-dependent modeling of PWNe has been tested on a sample of well-known young and intermediate age PWNe; and it is currently applied to the full-sample of unidentified VHE Galactic sources. The consequences of this interpretation go far beyond the interpretation of "dark sources" (i.e. VHE gamma-ray sources without lower energies, radio or X-ray, counterparts): e.g. t…
Most supernova remnants (SNRs) are old, in the sense that their structure has been profoundly modified by their interaction with the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM). Old SNRs are very heterogenous in terms of their appearance, reflecting differences in their evolutionary state, the environments in which SNe explode and in the explosion products. Some old SNRs are seen primarily as a result of a strong shock wave interacting with the ISM. Others, the so-called mixed-morphology SNRs, show central concentrations of emission, which may still show evidence of emission from the ejecta. Yet oth…
The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is rich in supernova remnants (SNRs) which can be investigated in detail with radio, optical and X-ray observations. SNR J0453-6829 is an X-ray and radio-bright remnant in the LMC, within which previous studies revealed the presence of a pulsar wind nebula (PWN), making it one of the most interesting SNRs in the Local Group of galaxies. We study the emission of SNR J0453-6829 to improve our understanding of its morphology, spectrum, and thus the emission mechanisms in the shell and the PWN of the remnant. We obtained new radio data with the Australia Telescope …
The majority of Galactic TeV gamma-ray sources are pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) and supernova remnants (SNRs), and the most common association for unidentified sources is PWN. Many of these sources were discovered in TeV by imaging air Cherenkov telescopes using overlapping pointed observations over sections of the Galactic plane. The HAWC observatory is a survey type instrument in the Northern hemisphere with an energy range of 100 GeV to 100 TeV. Preliminary analysis of data recorded with the partially completed HAWC array taken since 2013 shows extended detections that are coincident with kno…
The features of pulsed $γ$-ray emission from classical and millisecond pulsars indicate that the high energy radiation processes in their inner magnetospheres occur in a similar way. In the last decade several TeV $γ$-ray nebulae have been discovered around classical pulsars. The above facts suggest that $γ$-rays should be produced also in the surroundings of millisecond pulsars. We discuss a model for the bow shock nebula around the well known Black Widow binary system containing the millisecond pulsar B1957+20. This model predicts the existence of a synchrotron X-ray and inverse Compton $γ$-…
We present X-ray observations of PWN G16.73+0.08/SNR G16.7+0.1 using archival data of {\it Chandra} ACIS. The X-ray emission peak location of this pulsar wind nebula is found to be offset by 24 arcsec from the centre of the 1.4-GHz emission of this nebula. The X-ray nebula is elongated in the direction from the X-ray peak to the 1.4-GHz emission centre. This offset suggests that G16.73+0.08 is an evolved pulsar wind nebula interacting with the supernova remnant reverse shock. We identify a point source, CXO J182058.16-142001.5, near the location of the X-ray peak. The spectrum of the X-ray neb…
Using 3D numerical hydrodynamical simulations we show that a type Ia supernova (SN Ia) explosion inside a planetary nebula (PN) can explain the observed shape of the G1.9+0.3 supernova remnant (SNR) and its X-ray morphology. The SNR G1.9+0.3 morphology can be generally described as a sphere with two small and incomplete lobes protruding on opposite sides of the SNR, termed "ears", a structure resembling many elliptical PNe. Observations show the synchrotron X-ray emission to be much stronger inside the two ears than in the rest of the SNR. We numerically show that a spherical SN Ia explosion i…
An updated model for the synchrotron and inverse Compton emission from a population of high energy electrons of the Crab Nebula is used to reproduce the measured spectral energy distribution from radio to high energy gamma-rays. By comparing the predicted inverse Compton component with recent Fermi measurements of the nebula's emission, it is possible to determine the average magnetic field in the nebula and to derive the underlying electron energy distribution. The model calculation can then be used to cross calibrate the Fermi observations with ground based air shower measurements. The resul…
The role pulsar wind nebulae play in producing our locally observed cosmic ray spectrum remains murky, yet intriguing. Pulsar wind nebulae are born and evolve in conjunction with SNRs, which are favored sites of Galactic cosmic ray acceleration. As a result they frequently complicate interpretation of the gamma-ray emission seen from SNRs. However, pulsar wind nebulae may also contribute directly to the local cosmic ray spectrum, particularly the leptonic component. This paper reviews the current thinking on pulsar wind nebulae and their connection to cosmic ray production from an observationa…
Energetic pulsars can be embedded in a nebula of relativistic leptons which is powered by the dissipation of the rotational energy of the pulsar. The object PSR J0855-4644 is an energetic and fast-spinning pulsar (Edot = 1.1x10^36 erg/s, P=65 ms) discovered near the South-East rim of the supernova remnant (SNR) RX J0852.0-4622 (aka Vela Jr) by the Parkes multibeam survey. The position of the pulsar is in spatial coincidence with an enhancement in X-rays and TeV gamma-rays, which could be due to its putative pulsar wind nebula (PWN). The purpose of this study is to search for diffuse non-therma…
We present an analysis of the gamma-ray measurements by the Large Area Telescope onboard the \textit{Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope} in the region of the supernova remnant~(SNR) Monoceros Loop~(G205.5$+$0.5). The brightest gamma-ray peak is spatially correlated with the Rosette Nebula, which is a molecular cloud complex adjacent to the southeast edge of the SNR. After subtraction of this emission by spatial modeling, the gamma-ray emission from the SNR emerges, which is extended and fit by a Gaussian spatial template. The gamma-ray spectra are significantly better reproduced by a curved shape…
Supernova remnants (SNRs) are among the strongest candidates to explain the flux of cosmic rays below the knee around 10^15 eV. Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), synchrotron nebulae powered by the spin-down of energetic young pulsars, comprise one of the most populous VHE gamma-ray source classes. Gamma-ray studies in the GeV and TeV bands probe the nature (ions vs. electrons), production, and diffusion of high-energy particles in SNRs and PWNe. For sources that are visible across both the GeV and TeV bands, such as IC 443, the spatial and spectral distribution of gamma rays can be studied over an u…
The dynamics, energetics and evolution of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) and supernova remnants (SNRs), are strongly affected by their magnetic field strength and distribution. They are usually strong, extended, sources of non-thermal X-ray radiation, producing intrinsically polarised radiation. The energetic wind around pulsars produces a highly-magnetised, structured flow, often displaying a jet and a torus and different features (i.e. wisps, knots). This magnetic-dominant wind evolves as it moves away from the pulsar magnetosphere to the surrounding large-scale nebula, becoming kinetic-dominant…
The first wind nebula around a magnetar was recently discovered in X-rays around Swift~J1834.9$-$0846. We study this magnetar's global energetics and the properties of its particle wind or outflows. At a distance of $\sim4\;$kpc, Swift~J1834.9$-$0846 is located at the center of the supernova remnant (SNR) W41 whose radius is $\sim 19\;$pc, an order of magnitude larger than that of the X-ray nebula ($\sim2\;$pc). The association with SNR W41 suggests a common age of $\sim5-100\;$kyr, while its spin-down age is $4.9$~kyr. A small natal kick velocity may partly explain why a wind nebula was detec…
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future large observatory in the very high energy (VHE) domain. Operating from 20 GeV to 300 TeV, it will be composed of tens of Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) displaced in a large area of a few square kilometers in both the southern and northern hemispheres. The CTA/DATA On-Site Analysis (OSA) is the system devoted to the development of dedicated pipelines and algorithms to be used at the CTA site for the reconstruction, data quality monitoring, science monitoring and realtime science alerting during observations. The OSA integral sensitivit…
Motivated by the wealth of past, existing, and upcoming X-ray and gamma-ray missions, we have developed the first public database of high-energy observations of all known Galactic Supernova Remnants (SNRs): http://www.physics.umanitoba.ca/snr/SNRcat. The catalogue links to, and complements, other existing related catalogues, including Dave Green's radio SNRs catalogue. We here highlight the features of the high-energy catalogue, including allowing users to filter or sort data for various purposes. The catalogue is currently targeted to Galactic SNR observations with X-ray and gamma-ray mission…
The composite supernova remnant (SNR) MSH 15-52 comprises the bright X-ray pulsar wind nebula (PWN) of PSR B1509-58, surrounded by a shell which is a prominent object in the radio domain. H.E.S.S. had discovered extended very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission coincident with the PWN. With additional H.E.S.S. observations performed since the 2005 discovery paper, we study the properties of the emission in greater detail. We compare the VHE gamma-ray morphology of the PWN with that in synchrotron emission, obtained from archival X-ray observations, and discuss the implications on the magnetic…
A recent research shows that particles with a spectrum of a relativistic Maxwellian plus a high-energy tail can be accelerated by relativistic collisionless shocks. We investigate the possibility of the high-energy particles with this new spectrum injected in pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) from the terminate shock based on the study of multiwavelength emission from PWNe.} {The dynamics of a supernova remnant (SNR) and multiband nonthermal emission from the PWN inside the remnant are investigated using a dynamical model with electrons/positrons injected with the new spectrum. In this model, the dyn…
The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory is a TeV gamma-ray detector, completed in early 2015. HAWC started science operations in August 2013 with a third of the detector taking data. Several known gamma-ray sources have already been detected with the first HAWC data. Among these sources, the Crab Nebula, the brightest steady gamma-ray source at very high energies in our Galaxy, has been detected with high significance. In this contribution I will present the results of the observations of the Crab Nebula with HAWC, including time variability, and the detector performance based on …
Population synthesis of Galactic middle-aged pulsar wind nebulae I. Detection prospects for current and future instruments
Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC)（空间科学研究所）；Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)（加泰罗尼亚太空研究学院）；Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)（加泰罗尼亚高级研究学院）；INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri（意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切特里天文台）；Università degli Studi di Firenze（佛罗伦萨大学）；INFN - Sezione di Firenze（意大利国家核物理研究所佛罗伦萨分部）
We report the discovery of a new Small Magellanic Cloud Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN) at the edge of the Supernova Remnant (SNR)-DEM S5. The pulsar powered object has a cometary morphology similar to the Galactic PWN analogs PSR B1951+32 and 'the mouse'. It is travelling supersonically through the interstellar medium. We estimate the Pulsar kick velocity to be in the range of 700-2000 km/s for an age between 28-10 kyr. The radio spectral index for this SNR PWN pulsar system is flat (-0.29 $\pm$ 0.01) consistent with other similar objects. We infer that the putative pulsar has a radio spectral index…
We briefly reviewed some recent progress on the studies of supernova remnants (SNRs), including the radio SNRs (the structure, polarization, spectrum etc.), observational characteristics of X-ray emission, pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), association properties between SNR and PSR, interaction of SNR and interstellar medium (ISM), cosmos ray and the SNRs in external galaxies, etc.. Correspondingly to the continue improvement of space and spectrum resolution of the on-ground and in-space astronomical equipments at wavelengthes as radio, optical, X-ray and so on, we know about SNRs more and deeper.
We present a comprehensive study of the X-ray emission from SNR 0453-68.5 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) as seen from the \textit{Chandra} X-ray Observatory. This object is in a class of composite remnants that exhibit a shell of emission surrounding a central plerion, more commonly known as a pulsar wind nebula (PWN). This is one of only five remnants in the LMC with an identified PWN. We find that the shell of emission is not ejecta dominated, but rather due to shocked ISM that has been swept up by the supernova blast wave or located in a precursor cavity wall. This is supported by the …
In this work, we study theoretical and observational issues about pulsars (PSRs), pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) and supernova remnants (SNRs). In particular, the spectral modeling of young PWNe and the X-ray analysis of SNRs with magnetars comparing their characteristics with those remnants surrounding canonical pulsars. The spectra of PWNe range from radio to $γ$-rays. They are the largest class of identified Galactic sources in $γ$-rays increasing the number from 1 to $\sim$30 during the last years. We have developed a detailed spectral code which reproduces the electromagnetic spectrum of PWNe…
We report the discovery of MeV-GeV gamma-ray emission by the Fermi-LAT positionally coincident with the TeV pulsar wind nebula (PWN) HESS~J1554-550 within the host supernova remnant (SNR) G327.1-1.1. The gamma-ray emission is point-like and faint but significant (> 4 sigma) in the 300MeV-2TeV energy range. We report here the Fermi-LAT analysis of the observed gamma-ray emission followed by a detailed multiwavelength investigation to understand the nature of the emission. The central pulsar powering the PWN within G327.1-1.1 has not been detected in any waveband; however, it is likely embedded …
CTB 87 (G74.9+1.2) is an evolved supernova remnant (SNR) which hosts a peculiar pulsar wind nebula (PWN). The X-ray peak is offset from that observed in radio and lies towards the edge of the radio nebula. The putative pulsar, CXOU~J201609.2+371110, was first resolved with \textit{Chandra} and is surrounded by a compact and a more extended X-ray nebula. Here we use a deep {\textit{XMM-Newton}} observation to examine the morphology and evolutionary stage of the PWN and to search for thermal emission expected from a supernova shell or reverse shock interaction with supernova ejecta. We do not fi…
As a key process that refreshes the interstellar medium, the dynamics and radiative properties of the supernova remnant (SNR) expansion front not only reflect the physical environment of the old interstellar medium (ISM) surrounding the supernova, but they also provide information about the refreshed ISM. However the expansion dynamics of SNRs cannot be simply explained by the conventional law of spherical shock wave propagation; on the other hand, the high energy radiation requires an additional electron acceleration mechanism in the shock front beyond thermal collision. We consider herein th…
The impact of circumstellar wind-blown bubbles on the dynamics of pulsar wind nebulae and supernova remnants
Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI)（格兰萨索科学研究所）；INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS)（意大利国家核物理研究院格兰萨索国家实验室）；IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, CNES（图卢兹大学、法国国家科学研究中心、法国国家空间研究中心天文物理研究）
Pulsar wind nebula (PWN) Boomerang and the associated supernova remnant (SNR) G106.3+2.7 are among candidates for the ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma-ray counterparts published by LHAASO. Although the centroid of the extended source, LHAASO J2226+6057, deviates from the pulsar's position by about $0.3^\circ$, the source partially covers the PWN. Therefore, we cannot totally exclude the possibility that a part of the UHE emission comes from the PWN. Previous studies mainly focus on whether the SNR is a PeVatron, while neglecting the energetic PWN. Here, we explore the possibility of the Boomerang…
We present observations of the pulsar-wind nebula (PWN) region ofSNR 0540-69.3. The observations were made with the Atacama Compact Array (ACA) in Bands 4 and 6. We also add radio observations from the Australia Compact Array (ATCA) at 3 cm. For 1.449 - 233.50 GHz we obtain a synchrotron spectrum $F_ν \propto ν^{-α_ν}$, with the spectral index $α_ν = 0.17\pm{0.02}$. To conclude how this joins the synchrotron spectrum at higher frequencies we include hitherto unpublished AKARI mid-infrared data, and evaluate published data in the ultraviolet (UV), optical and infrared (IR). In particular, some …
The interaction between a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) and its host supernova remnant (SNR) can produce a vast array of observable structures. Asymmetry present within these structures derives from the complexity of the composite system, where many factors take turns playing a dominating hand throughout the stages of composite SNR evolution. Of particular interest are systems characterized by blastwave expansion within a nonuniform interstellar medium (ISM), which contain an active pulsar having a substantial "kick" velocity (upward of 300 km s$^{-1}$ ), because these systems tend to produce compl…
The 1968 discovery of the Crab and Vela pulsars in their respective supernova remnants (SNRs) confirmed Baade and Zwicky's 1934 prediction that supernovae form neutron stars. Observations of Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe), particularly with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, have in the past decade opened a new window to focus on the neutron stars' relativistic winds, study their interaction with their hosting SNRs, and find previously missed pulsars. While the Crab has been thought for decades to represent the prototype of PWNe, we now know of different classes of neutron stars and PWNe whose propert…
Several types of Galactic sources, like magnetars, microquasars, novae or pulsar wind nebulae flares, display transient emission in the X-ray band. Some of these sources have also shown emission at MeV--GeV energies. However, none of these Galactic transients have ever been detected in the very-high-energy (VHE; E$>$100 GeV) regime by any Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescope (IACT). The Galactic Transient task force is a part of the Transient Working group of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) Consortium. The task force investigates the prospects of detecting the VHE counterpart of such sources, a…
Cherenkov telescopes play a major role in the growth of the TeV Astronomy which, in 20 years, has reached the status of an important branch of Astrophysics, because of the observations of the violent, non thermal processes in the extreme band of the electromagnetic spectrum above several tens of GeV up to several tens of TeV. About one hundred extragalactic sources (Active Galactic Nuclei, blazars, and radiogalaxies) and Galactic sources (shell supernovae remnants, pulsar wind nebulae, isolated pulsars, X-ray binaries, and unidentified sources) have been detected so far. In the near future, an…
We report on the first detection of very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula by a Cherenkov telescope in dual-mirror Schwarzschild-Couder (SC) configuration. The result has been achieved by means of the 4 m size ASTRI-Horn telescope, operated on Mt. Etna (Italy) and developed in the context of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory preparatory phase. The dual-mirror SC design is aplanatic and characterized by a small plate scale, allowing us to implement large field of view cameras with small-size pixel sensors and a high compactness. The curved focal plane of the ASTR…
